9. Titration of valine by a strong base, for example NaOH, reveals two pk's. The titration reaction occurring at pK2 (pK2 = 9.62) is: а) —СООН + ОН ->—СОО" + Н20. b) -COOH + -NH2 -> -COO" +–NH2*. c) -coO +-NH2* -> -COOH + –NH2. d) –NH3* + OH" -> –NH2 + H2O. e) –NH2 + OH" -> –NH" + H2O. 10.In a highly basic solution, pH = 13, the dominant form of glycine is: а) NH2—CH2—соон. b) NH2-CH2-COO". c) NH2-CH3*-cOO". d) NH3*—CH2—соон. e) NH3*-CH2–COO".
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- 1. What is the possible identity of the AA? a. Aspartic acid b. Lysine c. Alanine d. Proline 2. What is the isoelectric point of AA? 3. What is the pKa responding to the dissociation of the alpha-carboxylic group?1.One of the main sources of sphingosine in the body is in the cell membrane. What complication could arise from the biological synthesis of ceramide?1. a. Explain why the melting point of palmitic acid (16 carbons, no double bonds) is slightly lower thanthat of stearic acid (18 carbons, no double bonds). Explain why the melting point of oleic acid (18carbons, one double bond) is lower than that of stearic acid b. A mixture of lipids containing phosphatidic acid, cholesterol, testosterone, phosphatidylserine, andphosphatidylethanolamine was applied to a hydrophobic interaction chromatography column. Thecolumn was washed with a high salt buffer, and the lipids were then eluted with decreasing saltconcentrations. In what order would the lipids be eluted from the column? Explain your answer.
- 1. What is the isoelectric point (pI) of lysine which has pKa values of 2.1 for the α carboxyl group, 9.7 for the α amino group and 10.5 for the side chain amino group? 2. Which of the following is most likely to be found on the exterior of a protein? A) Pro B) Trp C) Ser D) Glu 3. The type of reaction that forms a peptide bond is A) Elimination B) Hydrolysis C) Nucleophilic substitution D) Condensation1. If Ser 80 was replaced with Arg what kind is the change in the bond type between these two molecules? Will this change be more or less stable. Explain3. A biochemist purified a protein from the bloodstream and determined its molecular weight under several conditions. In 8 M urea, which denatures the polypeptide chain, the molecular weight of the protein was 150,000 Da. She found that under reducing conditions the molecular weight of the protein was 75,000 Da, while under oxidizing conditions the molecular weight of the protein was 150,000 Da. Explain these results.
- What is the monomer of a nucleic acid macromolecule?Which of the following statements about the allosteric site is true? a. The allosteric site is a second active site on a substrate in a metabolic pathway. b. The allosteric site on an enzyme can allow the product of a metabolic pathway to inhibit that enzyme and stop the pathway. c. When the allosteric site of an enzyme is occupied, the reaction is irreversible and the enzyme cannot react again. d. An allosteric activator prevents binding at the active site. e. An enzyme that possesses allosteric sites does not possess an active site.1. Sickle cell anemia results from a substitution of a valine for a glutamic acid. What do you expect the effect might be if the mutation were to have placed a leucine at that site? An aspartic acid? 2. Of the following amino acids, glycine, isoleucine, and lysine, which would you expect to be the most soluble in an acidic aqueous solution? Which the least? 3. How many structural isomers could be formed from a molecule with the formula C5H12? C4H8?
- 4. What is the region/point where AA is predominantly present as a (-2)-charged species?5. The effective buffering range for the amino acid in the acidic region is?6. What is the region/point where the solution has a 50:50 percent mixture of the (0) and the (-1) species?8 What are the three components of anucleotide?1. Draw the structure of a cholesterol ester where cholesterol is esterified with palmitic acid. is this polar or nonpolar acid 2. Draw the strucutre of lecithin containing stearic acid on carbon 1 and arachidonic acid on carbon 2 of glycerol. is this polar or nonpolar acid 3.Disccuss the medical sginificance of cholesterol , cholesterol ester,l ecithin and choline . 4. Give examples of phosphoglycerides and sphingolipids of biological importance .