A 1.00-m solution of acetic acid, CH3COOH, in benzene has a freezing point of 2.96°C. Use the data in the Table to calculate the value of i and suggest an explanation for the unusual result. (Hint: If i is less than 1.0, each formula unit that dissolves yields less than one solute particle, an outcome suggesting aggregation of solute particles.)

Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Chapter7: Equilibria In Multiple-component Systems
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 7.55E: Determine how ideal the following solutions are by calculating the mole fraction of solute in each...
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A 1.00-m solution of acetic acid, CH3COOH, in benzene has a freezing point of 2.96°C. Use the data in the Table to calculate the value of i and suggest an explanation for the unusual result. (Hint: If i is less than 1.0, each formula unit that dissolves yields less than one solute particle, an outcome suggesting aggregation of solute particles.)

 

Answer is: 

i = 0.50; formation of dimers of composition (CH3COOH)2, need steps shown to understand though 

TABLE 16.2 Boiling point elevation constants (K,) and freezing point depression constants (K;) for various solvents
Solvent
Boiling point/°C
K,/K-m̟'
Freezing point/°C
K;/K-m̟'
benzene
80.09
2.64
5.49
5.07
camphor
(207.4)*
5.95
176
37.8
cyclohexane
80.73
2.92
6.59
20.8
ethanoic acid (acetic acid)
117.9
3.22
16.64
3.63
nitrobenzene
210.8
5.2
5.7
6.87
trichloromethane
61.17
3.80
-63.41
4.68
water
100.00
0.513
0.00
1.86
Transcribed Image Text:TABLE 16.2 Boiling point elevation constants (K,) and freezing point depression constants (K;) for various solvents Solvent Boiling point/°C K,/K-m̟' Freezing point/°C K;/K-m̟' benzene 80.09 2.64 5.49 5.07 camphor (207.4)* 5.95 176 37.8 cyclohexane 80.73 2.92 6.59 20.8 ethanoic acid (acetic acid) 117.9 3.22 16.64 3.63 nitrobenzene 210.8 5.2 5.7 6.87 trichloromethane 61.17 3.80 -63.41 4.68 water 100.00 0.513 0.00 1.86
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ISBN:
9781133958437
Author:
Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:
Wadsworth Cengage Learning,