A​ case-control (or​ retrospective) study was conducted to investigate a relationship between the colors of helmets worn by motorcycle drivers and whether they are injured or killed in a crash. Results are given in the accompanying table. Using a 0.01 significance​ level, test the claim that injuries are independent of helmet color.                                     Color of Helmet   black white yellow red blue controls (not injured) 491 354 35 162 101 cases (injured or killed) 219 113 8 68 49 Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. The test statistic ___ rounding to three decimal places. The critical value is χ2 ___

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.