A circular aluminum alloy [E = 70 GPa; α = 22.5 × 10–6/°C; ν = 0.33] pipe has an outside diameter of 205 mm, a wall thickness of 11 mm, and a length of 4.2 m. The pipe supports a compressive load of 615 kN. After the temperature of the pipe drops 48°C, determine: (a) the axial deformation of the pipe. (b) the change in diameter of the pipe.

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Strain energy

The term strain indicates the variation in an object's length, area, and volume when the object is subjected to an external force. The external force may be of normal, shear, moment, torque, etc. The strain in an object depends on the types of external force and cross-section of the object. Mathematically, the evaluation of strain can be obtained with the help of elastic constants.