A consumption boom. Explain what happens to the economy if there is a temporary consumption boom that lasts for one period: ac increases at period 5. a) Initially, suppose the central bank keeps the real interest rate (rt) unchanged. b) Suppose you are appointed to chair the Federal Reserve. What monetary policy action would you take in this case and why? For each case, use the IS-MP diagram and the Phillips curve to show what happens to the economy. Also, provide graphs of the real interest rate, output and inflation over time: r vs t, Ỹt vs t, π vs t; assume the consumption shock happens at t=5.¹

A consumption boom. Explain what happens to the economy if there is a temporary consumption boom that lasts for one period: ac increases at period 5. a) Initially, suppose the central bank keeps the real interest rate (rt) unchanged. b) Suppose you are appointed to chair the Federal Reserve. What monetary policy action would you take in this case and why? For each case, use the IS-MP diagram and the Phillips curve to show what happens to the economy. Also, provide graphs of the real interest rate, output and inflation over time: r vs t, Ỹt vs t, π vs t; assume the consumption shock happens at t=5.¹

Economics (MindTap Course List)

13th Edition

ISBN:9781337617383

Author:Roger A. Arnold

Publisher:Roger A. Arnold

Chapter14: Money And The Economy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3WNG

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

A. What assumptions did Thomas Sargent make when he claimed that inflation is always and everywhere a fiscal phenomenon?" B. Why is it appropriate in the book's short-term model for the author to use the Phillips Curve as an Aggregate Supply curve? Does it capture the working of the labor market as well as an AS curve based, say, on sticky wages? C. Provide an example of the book's short-run model being based on "microfoundations."
Assume, while an economy is in long-run equilibrium, an adverse supply shock occured, suchas energy prices have incrased. The central bank decides to accommodate this shock and restores theequilibrium quickly. What would be the effect of this policy action on inflation? Explain and illustratewith the help of an AD-AS diagram.
During the early 1990’s, Japan experienced an asset price bubble collapse followed by a massive decrease in economic activity. At that time, Japanese inflation was running at 1.76% a)Assuming that inflation expectations in Japan were equal to the previous period’s inflation rate, show (and explain), using the multiplier model, the labour market model, and the Phillips Curve, how the abovementioned asset price bubble collapse led to drop in economic activity in the short-run and deflationary pressure into the medium run (MR), ceteris paribus b) Explain the concept of the zero lower bound, and show how it can lead to a deflationary spiral. Use the Fisher equation to aid your explanation.
According to adaptive expectations, what happensto the inflation rate and the unemploymentrate in the following situations?a. Initially, the economy is operating at thenatural rate of 6 percent unemployment.The anticipated rate of inflation is6 percent, and the actual rate is also6 percent.b. In the next period, there is an unexpected risein the inflation rate to 10 percent.c. In the next period, there is an unexpected risein the inflation rate to 12 percent.
a) Which of the following would a classical macroeconomist disagree with? The interest rate is the price of time or productivity of capital Nominals effect nominals Recessions are caused by an over production of all economic goods Prices should be as flexible as possible Effective demand comes from prior supply b) Which of the following is true? The expected costs and returns for holding money are important for estimating the demand of real cash balances The difference between nominal GNP and real GNP is that nominal GNP has been adjusted by a price deflator to account for changes in the value of money (inflation) People in Group 1 receive the inflation tax on their cash-balances Interest is the price of money The real money supply is equal to the nominal money supply divided by the real money supply
In the basic New Keynesian model, suppose that there is an increase in government spending. • First, suppose that the central bank does nothing (accommodates the shock). Illustrate onthe graphs and explain what will be the effects on inflation and output? • Second, suppose that economy initially has inflation equal to the central bank’s inflationtarget and an output gap of zero. What action do you expect the central bank wouldundertake? Illustrate you answer on the graph and explain. PLEASE SHOW ALL HAND WRITTEN STEPS AND WORK!
In a Keynesian framework, using an AD/AS diagram, which of the following government policy choices offer a possible solution to recession? Which offer a possible solution to Inflation? A tax Increase on consumer income. A surge in military spending. A reduction in (axes for businesses that Increase investment. A major Increase in what the U.S. government spends on healthcare.
1.) The Keynesian AD-AS model describes what happens with price levels when aggregate demand increases. Could you find any evidence from the last ten-fifteen years that might support AD-AS model descriptions of demand-pull inflation, cost-push inflation, and recession? For example, you could find data on the GDP’s of any two countries from 2000 to 2017 to support your findings. 2.) In macroeconomics, the immediate short run is known as a length of time when both input prices and output prices are fixed. In the short-run, input prices are fixed but output prices are variable. In the long run, input prices and output prices can vary. What happens in the immediate short-run when AD falls from AD to AD2 to the price level and output? What happens in the short-run when AD falls from AD to AD2 to the price level and output? What will happen in the long-run?
Suppose that the Fed sets the interest rate and adjusts the money supply accordingly (i.e., horizontal LM curve) and the economy is in recession. (a) In this part, suppose also that private business investment spending depends only on sales expectations. What kind of policy mix would be able to increase output? Why? Explain. [Hint: Begin with showing the implications of assumptions first.] (b) In this part, suppose also that private business investment spending depends on both sales expectations and the rate of interest. How would your answer in part (a) change? What if the interest rate is already equal to zero (i.e., the zero lower bound). What kind of policy mix would be able to increase output? Why? Explain.
Time remaining: 00 :09 :06 Economics If there is an inflationary gap, what should the Fed do? Explain, provide name, and show in i-M space. Consider the following macroeconomy, with fixed prices (all amounts are in millions of $): YFE = 7000 C = 40 + 0.9 YD I = 500 G = 250 T = 40 a. Calculate eqm Y in this model and then graph it in the Keynesian-cross diagram. Indicate and provide the name and size of the gap, if any. b. Prove that the appropriate relationship between I and various types of Savings holds at eqm. c. What two different policies could Congress enact? You must calculate the exact changes in the appropriate variables and provide the appropriate name(s) for the(se) policies. Graph each of these policies in the Keynesian-cross diagram. Show what your policies would do, if anything, in the money-market diagram, (in i- M space) cet. par. Indicate the initial disequilibrium and explain what will happen and why. d. Go back to the original eqm in part a. Now…
“Households decide to save a larger share of their income will shift aggregatedemand curve upward because higher saving will boost investment which inturn increase the demand for investment goods.” Do you agree with thestatement? Explain your choice. e. Graphically derive short run Phillips curve with the help of aggregate demand and supply model.
Suppose that the coronavirus pandemic (COVID 19) in 2020 has resulted in a leftward shift ofthe aggregate demand curve (it has also shifted the short-run aggregate supply to the left, but let’s ignore this effect here for simplification). 1. Can policymakers use monetary policy (and/or fiscal policy) to accommodate this shock? Describe what happens to the economy in response to this policy action