A crucial reaction for the production of synthetic fuels is the conversion of coal to H2 with steam. C(s)  +  H2O(g)    CO(g)  +  H2(g)   (a)  Calculate ∆Go for this reaction at 25 degrees Celsius, assuming C(s) is graphite. (b)  Calculate Kp for the reaction at 25 degrees Celsius. (c)  Is the reaction predicted to be spontaneous under standard conditions?  If not, at what temperature will it  become so? (d)  Calculate the temperature at which the equilibrium constant for the reaction is 1.0 x 10-4.

Q: 2NH3(g) N2(g) + 3H2(g) If AH = -92.2 kJ and AS = -0.1987 kJ/K, what is AG for the reaction at 475°C…

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of chemistry that mainly deals with the heat transfer between system…

Q: 50. For the process O2(g) → 2 O(g), AH° = +498 kJ. What would be predicted for the sign of ASrxn and…

A: 50. The given process has a positive sign for enthalpy change. Hence, the process will be an…

Q: At what temperatures is the following process spontaneous at 1 atm? ΔH° = +20 kJ and ΔS° = - 50 J/K

A: The reaction is always non-spontaneous at all temperatures.

Q: che standard entropy change to c

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Q: After a snowfall the snow compacts and when the sun shines on it, it sublimes readily.  What is the…

A: Given :  After a snowfall the snow compacts and when the sun shines on it, it sublimes readily.…

Q: Liquid water vaporizes spontaneously at 25ºC. What is the sign of ΔSuniv? Decide on the relative…

A: Liquid water vaporizes spontaneously  As entropy of vapour (gas) is more  than liquid  So sign of…

Q: For a certain reaction, AH° = +27.1 kJ and AS° = +111 J/K. If n=3, calculate E° for the reaction at…

A: From thermodynamics: ∆G°=∆H°-T∆S°…

Q: Write the CAPITAL Letter of the correct answer. A if both statements are true  B if the 1st…

A: Given that, two statements are If the change in free energy, ΔG is negative, the reaction is…

Q: A certain reaction is spontaneous at 25°C. If the enthalpy change for the reaction is 29.8 kJ/mol,…

A:

Q: For the reaction of xenon and fluorine gases to form solid XeF4, ΔH° = -251 kJ and ΔG° = -121 kJ at…

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Q: Which method would you choose to calculate ΔG° for a reaction at a temperature other than 25 °C?

A: Gibbs free energy : The thermodynamic potential which is used to calculate the maximum reversible…

Q: Predict the sign of delta H and delta S for the reaction X(s) = X(g) and state under what conditions…

A: As solid  X is transformed into gaseous species. thus in this reaction entropy increases as the…

Q: 4,At constant pressure, the sign of q for the process C3H8(g) => C3H8(l) is____, because______…

A: At constant pressure, the sign of q for the process C3H8(g)→C3H8(l) negative and the reaction is…

Q: Consider the reaction described by the chemical equation shown. 3 C,H,(g) C,H,1) AHxn = -633.1 kJ…

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Q: “Thermite” reactions have been used for welding metal parts such as railway rails and in metal…

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Q: For the reaction, 4KClO3(s) → 3KClO4(s) + KCl(s) Calculate ΔGosys for the process at 298 K if…

A: ∆Gsyso = ∆Hsyso - T ∆Ssyso  where     ∆Hsyso = Standard enthalpy change of system = - 144.3 KJ x…

Q: The ∆H and ∆S for the decomposition of sulfur tetrabromide to sulfur and liquid bromine is +115 kJ…

A:

Q: 6.) The diagram below shows the deposition of iodine vapor at room temperature. Which statement is…

A: The ordered system is the indication of low entropy. While less orderliness is the indication of an…

Q: Which of the following is a process with a negative AS? H2O(I) → H2(g) CO2(g) → CO2(s) CACO3(s) →…

A: A process with a negative ∆S is -          (b)CO2(g) → CO2(s).          Because we know that…

Q: What do you expect for the sign of ∆S in a chemical reaction in which 2 mol of gaseous reactants are…

A: Entropy is the measure of the randomness in the molecules or atoms. The entropy of gases is more…

Q: Predict the sign of ΔU, q, and w in the reaction given. 2C₆H₆ (s) + 7O₂ (g) → 4CO₂ (g) + 6H₂O (g)

A: ∆U = +ve q = +ve w = -ve

Q: 6. For the reaction CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g) ΔHo = 178 kJ and ΔSo = 161 J/K, at standard…

A: For the given reaction, the value of ΔH and ΔS is given and it is required to determine at what…

Q: An ice cube at 0 C melts when placed inside a room at 22 C (295 K). Based on the concepts of…

A: We need to identify the concept of spontaneity behind melting of ice according to thermodynamics.

Q: For the reaction CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)       ΔHo = -17.8 kJ  and ΔSo = -161 J/K,  at standard…

A: Enthalpy change of a chemical reaction is used to measure the amount of heat energy released or…

Q: 7) Calculate AG for a reaction at 85 °C if AH is -34.6 kJ and AS is -114 J/K. Is the reaction…

A: Given ΔH = -34.6 kJ ΔS = -114 J/K T = 85°C

Q: What do you expect for the sign of ΔS in a chemicalreaction in which 2 mol of gaseous reactants are…

A: is the change in entropy. Entropy is the measure of randomness or disorders. In a reaction, if the…

Q: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form sodium chloride (NaCl) and…

A: The relationship between Gibbs free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change is given by…

Q: H,0, (1) decomposes to H,0 (1) and 0,(g) at constant pressure by the following reaction: 2H,02 (1) →…

A: Exothermic reactions are those reactions in which heat is released. On the decomposition of two…

Q: Predict the sign of ∆Ssys for each of the following processes: (a) Molten gold solidifies.

A: The measurement of randomness or disorder of the system is called as entropy. It is a state function…

Q: For the reaction at 298 K, the values of H and S are 58.03 kJ and 176.6 J/K, respectively. What is…

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Q: Coal can be converted to methane, a chief component of natural gas, according to the following…

A: To solve this problem we have calculate  ∆Gº and Kp for the given  reaction at 25ºC .

Q: For the following reaction: SO2 (g)_± ½ O2(g)→ SO3(g) For this reaction to be spontaneous, what must…

A:

Q: For a reaction for which AH = -142 kJ/mol and AS = -178 J/mol· K, which of the following statements…

A: If ∆G is negative, the process is spontaneous and may proceed in the forward direction. If ∆G is…

Q: For a particular reaction, AH = -32 kJ and AS = -98 J/K. Assume that AH and AS do not vary with…

A: As we know that a spontaneous process is one that happens without the addition of external energy. A…

Q: Given ΔHrxn = -98.9 kJ and ΔSrxn = - 94.0 J/K at 25 oC for the combination reaction of sulfur…

A: Answer:- This question is answered by using the simple concept of calculation of Standard Gibbs free…

Q: Which of the following processes results in the largest decrease in Entropy? The heat of fusion of…

A: Entropy an be defined as the thermal energy per unit temperature that is unavailable for doing a…

Q: 5. The entropy change of the process H2O (s) H2O () is 22 J/K at 0 °C. Calculate the enthalpy of…

A: H2O(s)↔H2O(l)∆H=22J/KT=0∘C=0+273K=273K∆S=∆HT

Q: Predict the sign of ΔSₛᵧₛ for each process: (a) Gasolinevapors mix with air in a car engine. (b) Hot…

A: Entropy is the measure of randomness.∆Ssys is positive, if the randomness increase and negative if…

Q: Is the formation of ozone (O3(g)) from oxygen (O2(g)) spontaneous at room temperature under standard…

A: Thermodynamic is the branch of chemistry that mainly deals with the heat transfer between system and…

Q: The normal melting point of ethylene glycol, C₂H6 O2, is -12.7 °C. For the process of melting, what…

A:

Q: 1. Given the following thermochemical data at 25°C and 1 atm pressure, 3 02(g) + 2B(s) → B2O3(s)…

A: Given, 3/2 O2 (g) + 2 B(s) →B2O3 (s)   ∆H1°= -1264kJ O3 (g) + 2B (s) →B2O3 (s) ∆H2°= -1406 kJ 2O3…

Q: 9) For which set of values of AH and AS• will a reaction be non-spontaneous at 25°C? a) AH• = -10…

A: Multiple question

Q: Calculate ΔH° for the process Sb(s) + 52Cl2(g) ⟶ SbCl5(s) from the following information: Sb(s)…

A: According to the Hess’s law of Constant heat Summation, regardless of the number of steps or stages…

Q: If a process is exothermic and not spontaneous, then what must not be true? a) AG>0 b) AH0 d) AS<0

A: For exothermic process, ΔH &lt; 0 For non spontaneous process, ΔG &gt; 0

Q: Question attached

A: A reaction is considered as spontaneous when the Gibbs free energy of the reaction (∆Gorxn) is…

Q: What is the sign of delta H and delta S for the reaction X(g) + Y(g) = XY(g) and state under what…

A: The above reaction is          X (g) + Y (g) → XY (g) Breaking of bonds requires absorption of…

Q: The enthalpy and entropy changes for a reaction at 298 K are ∆H = 46 kJ and ∆S = 190 J/K. Which of…

A: Spontaneity of any reaction is defined by the value of ΔG of the reaction. The reaction will be…

Q: What is the sign for ΔS for the system for each of the following processes?   Water and acetone mix…

A: Entropy increases when water and acetone mix to form a liquid solution because mixing two solutions…