a cytokint storm is an overproduction of immune cells and their activating compounds- cytokines can be caused by? a. flu viruses and covid-19 b. covid-19 only c. flu viruses only d. all choices are correct e. a coontagious bacterial disease only

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305967359
Author:STARR
Publisher:STARR
Chapter19: Viruses, Bacteria, And Archaea
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a cytokint storm is an overproduction of immune cells and their activating compounds- cytokines can be caused by?

a. flu viruses and covid-19

b. covid-19 only

c. flu viruses only

d. all choices are correct

e. a coontagious bacterial disease only

Expert Solution
Step 1

Cytokine storm or hypercytokinemia is the physiological response of an animal's innate immunity where excess secretion of cytokines occurs. Cytokines are pro-inflammatory signaling molecules up-regulate inflammatory reactions.

Step 2

Cytokine storms are seen in infectious and non-infectious pathologies, including viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. The cytokine storm and corresponding inflammatory reactions are commonly found in contagious bacterial infections mediated by Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and infections caused by viruses, including coronaviruses (Covid-19), influenza (flu) viruses, flavivirus, etc.

Therefore, option (d) is correct, and all other options are incorrect.

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