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A dataset contains data on birth weights of 65535 babies born in June 1997 along with variables that are potentially related to birth weights. The sample is restricted to singleton births, with mothers recorded as either black or white, between the ages of 18 and 45, resident in the United States. With the aim to investigate factors influencing the weight of babies at birth, a regression of Weight on a range of variables has been carried out. A description of variables is given below and the estimation results can be found on the following page. Referring to these results, answer the following questions. Keep in mind that two of the regressors, Mom_Age and M_WtGain, are entered in the regression in terms of the deviations from their mean. What is the expected difference in birth weight of babies whose mothers have a high school and babies whose mothers are college graduates, ceteris paribus? Explain your reasoning.

A dataset contains data on birth weights of 65535 babies born in June 1997 along with variables that are potentially related to birth weights. The sample is restricted to singleton births, with mothers recorded as either black or white, between the ages of 18 and 45, resident in the United States. With the aim to investigate factors influencing the weight of babies at birth, a regression of Weight on a range of variables has been carried out. A description of variables is given below and the estimation results can be found on the following page. Referring to these results, answer the following questions. Keep in mind that two of the regressors, Mom_Age and M_WtGain, are entered in the regression in terms of the deviations from their mean. What is the expected difference in birth weight of babies whose mothers have a high school and babies whose mothers are college graduates, ceteris paribus? Explain your reasoning.

Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
18th Edition
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:Carter
Chapter4: Equations Of Linear Functions
Section4.6: Regression And Median-fit Lines
Problem 4GP
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A dataset contains data on birth weights of 65535 babies born in June 1997 along with variables that are potentially related to birth weights. The sample is restricted to singleton births, with mothers recorded as either black or white, between the ages of 18 and 45, resident in the United States. With the aim to investigate factors influencing the weight of babies at birth, a regression of Weight on a range of variables has been carried out. A description of variables is given below and the estimation results can be found on the following page. Referring to these results, answer the following questions. Keep in mind that two of the regressors, Mom_Age and M_WtGain, are entered in the regression in terms of the deviations from their mean. What is the expected difference in birth weight of babies whose mothers have a high school and babies whose mothers are college graduates, ceteris paribus? Explain your reasoning.
Transcribed Image Text:A dataset contains data on birth weights of 65535 babies born in June 1997 along with variables that are potentially related to birth weights. The sample is restricted to singleton births, with mothers recorded as either black or white, between the ages of 18 and 45, resident in the United States. With the aim to investigate factors influencing the weight of babies at birth, a regression of Weight on a range of variables has been carried out. A description of variables is given below and the estimation results can be found on the following page. Referring to these results, answer the following questions. Keep in mind that two of the regressors, Mom_Age and M_WtGain, are entered in the regression in terms of the deviations from their mean. What is the expected difference in birth weight of babies whose mothers have a high school and babies whose mothers are college graduates, ceteris paribus? Explain your reasoning.
Description of variables: Weight is birth weight in grams, Boy is equal to 1 if the baby is a boy, 0 if it is a girl, Married is 1 if the mother is married, 0 if unmarried. Education of the mother is divided into four categories: less than high school, high school (dummy variable Ed_Hs), some college (dummy variable Ed_SmCol), and college graduate (dummy variable Ed_Col). The omitted category is "less than high school," so coefficients must be interpreted rela- tive to this category. Smoke is equal to 1 if the mother smokes, 0 if she does not, Cigs Per is cigarettes smoked per day, Black is 1 if the mother is black, 0 otherwise. Mom Age is age in years, M_WtGain is mother's weight gain in pounds. The last two variables are entered into the regression as centered around their mean, Mom_Age_Cntrd and M_WtGain_Cntrd, i.e. Mom_Age_Cntrd is the variable Mom Age minus the average age of Mom Age, and simi- larly for M_WtGain_Cntrd. The average age of mothers is 27.2 years and the average weight gain is 30.8 pounds. Dependent Variable: WEIGHT Method: Least Squares Date: 03/11/22 Time: 15:19 Sample: 165535 Included observations: 65535 Huber-White-Hinkley (HC1) heteroskedasticity consistent standard errors and covariance Variable BOY MARRIED ED_COL ED_HS ED_SMCOL SMOKE CIGSPER Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. 3316.786 8.106849 409.1338 0.0000 104.6528 4.231952 24.72921 0.0000 66.44096 5.699306 11.65773 0.0000 27.51704 7.816031 3.520590 0.0004 8.680020 6.494597 24.48548 7.229266 R-squared Adjusted R-squared S.E. of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic) Prob(Wald F-statistic) BLACK MOM_AGE_CNTRD 5.641921 MOM_AGE_CNTRD^2 -0.514637 M_WTGAIN_CNTRD 9.618949 M_WTGAIN_CNTRD^2 -0.027913 1.336498 3.386994 -200.6533 11.36470 -17.65585 -1.260510 0.812260 -1.551855 -200.5243 6.468994 -30.99775 0.461996 12.21205 0.064432 -7.987346 0.198337 48.49802 0.008685 -3.214042 0.113853 Mean dependent var 0.113691 S.D. dependent var 541.4975 1.92E+10 Schwarz criterion Akaike info criterion -505483.1 Hannan-Quinn criter. 701.5267 Durbin-Watson stat 0.000000 Wald F-statistic 0.000000 0.1814 0.0007 0.0000 0.1207 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0013 3347.636 575.1800 15.42675 15.42856 15.42731 1.957147 623.6461
Transcribed Image Text:Description of variables: Weight is birth weight in grams, Boy is equal to 1 if the baby is a boy, 0 if it is a girl, Married is 1 if the mother is married, 0 if unmarried. Education of the mother is divided into four categories: less than high school, high school (dummy variable Ed_Hs), some college (dummy variable Ed_SmCol), and college graduate (dummy variable Ed_Col). The omitted category is "less than high school," so coefficients must be interpreted rela- tive to this category. Smoke is equal to 1 if the mother smokes, 0 if she does not, Cigs Per is cigarettes smoked per day, Black is 1 if the mother is black, 0 otherwise. Mom Age is age in years, M_WtGain is mother's weight gain in pounds. The last two variables are entered into the regression as centered around their mean, Mom_Age_Cntrd and M_WtGain_Cntrd, i.e. Mom_Age_Cntrd is the variable Mom Age minus the average age of Mom Age, and simi- larly for M_WtGain_Cntrd. The average age of mothers is 27.2 years and the average weight gain is 30.8 pounds. Dependent Variable: WEIGHT Method: Least Squares Date: 03/11/22 Time: 15:19 Sample: 165535 Included observations: 65535 Huber-White-Hinkley (HC1) heteroskedasticity consistent standard errors and covariance Variable BOY MARRIED ED_COL ED_HS ED_SMCOL SMOKE CIGSPER Coefficient Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. 3316.786 8.106849 409.1338 0.0000 104.6528 4.231952 24.72921 0.0000 66.44096 5.699306 11.65773 0.0000 27.51704 7.816031 3.520590 0.0004 8.680020 6.494597 24.48548 7.229266 R-squared Adjusted R-squared S.E. of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic) Prob(Wald F-statistic) BLACK MOM_AGE_CNTRD 5.641921 MOM_AGE_CNTRD^2 -0.514637 M_WTGAIN_CNTRD 9.618949 M_WTGAIN_CNTRD^2 -0.027913 1.336498 3.386994 -200.6533 11.36470 -17.65585 -1.260510 0.812260 -1.551855 -200.5243 6.468994 -30.99775 0.461996 12.21205 0.064432 -7.987346 0.198337 48.49802 0.008685 -3.214042 0.113853 Mean dependent var 0.113691 S.D. dependent var 541.4975 1.92E+10 Schwarz criterion Akaike info criterion -505483.1 Hannan-Quinn criter. 701.5267 Durbin-Watson stat 0.000000 Wald F-statistic 0.000000 0.1814 0.0007 0.0000 0.1207 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0013 3347.636 575.1800 15.42675 15.42856 15.42731 1.957147 623.6461
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