Q: Define colchicine,
A: A drug is a chemical substance that produces a biological effect. When the drug is taken by…
Q: Sketch the appearance after visualization of a protein mixture containing the seven…
A: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ( 2-D electrophoresis) is a form of gel electrophoresis used to…
Q: What diseases are the related protein deficiency in the human body? Explain their rationale.
A: Protein deficiency occurs in the human body when the body does not get enough amount of protein that…
Q: Explain how structural changes in important proteins lead to pathological conditions.
A: It is the structure of a protein and composition of amino acids within important regions of a…
Q: Name the tests for aromatic amino acids .
A: Aromatic amino acids are those amino acids that contain aromatic ring as a side chain. Aromatic…
Q: Why is the Atkins low carbohydrate diet called a ketogenic diet?
A: Diet Diet and nutrition are the interchangeable term regarding food. Balanced diet contains healthy…
Q: Acute intermittent porphyria is caused by deficiency of enzyme?
A: Porphyria is a group of disorder that occurs due to accumulation of a protein porphyrin, which…
Q: METABOLIC METABOLITES DISORDERS Alkaptonuria SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS Phenylketonuria Gout Ketosis Fatty…
A: Alkaptonuria and phenylketonuria are called inborn errors of metabolism. The disorders are usually…
Q: Define the Impaired Protein Folding ?
A: Proteins that fold incorrectly can also affect the cell's health regardless of the protein's…
Q: What is lactose intolerance? Discuss diet therapy employed for those experiencing the said…
A: Lactose is the sugar present in milk and dairy supplements. Lactose is a large sugar molecule that…
Q: Explain Zygotene?
A: Cell division that takes place in organisms are mitosis and meiosis. Meiosis is a reductional…
Q: Explain what is Phenylketonuria (PKU) ? How it affects the body ?
A: Phenylketonuria, also known as PKU, is a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called…
Q: d. ketotetrose
A: Carbohydrates are the polyhydroxy-aldehydes or polyhydroxy-ketones or their derivatives or the…
Q: Give three diseases concerning (carbohydrates), what is the biochemical explanation for the diseases
A: The three diseases concerning carbohydrates are : 1) Lactose intolerance 2) Diabetes mellitus 3)…
Q: 2. The patient has signs of pellagra, symmetrical dermatitis on the rear surface of the hand, neck,…
A: pellagra is a nutrition based disease . The clinical aspects of this disease are dermatitis, and…
Q: 76: What is Gaucher's disease? explain briefly.
A: Gaucher's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder in which glucocerebroside accumulates in…
Q: Write the clinical features of Non ketotic hyperglycinemia.
A: Nonketotic hyperglycinemia occurs due to defect in glycine cleavage system that leads to…
Q: Discuss ketogenesis in details and also specify the ketone bodies.
A: Ketone bodies are ketone-containing lipid molecules that are used as alternative energy sources for…
Q: explain the phenylketonuria disease mechanism
A: Inherited diseases are those diseases that come from parents to offspring via the genetic route,…
Q: Suggest another mutation in glucose metabolism that causes symptoms similar to those of von Gierke…
A: Glycogen storage disease 1 is caused due to the absence of the glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme which…
Q: 79: What is Pompe's disease? explain briefly.
A: Polysaccharide is of two types homo and heteropolysaccharides. Homopolysaccharides…
Q: In 3-4 sentences, briefly explain how lactate is formed, the biological effect of lactate, and…
A: NOTE: As per our honor code, we are allowed to answer only one question at a time. Since you have…
Q: (ii) Why is Riboflavin needed to be replenished frequently?
A: Vitamin B2 is another name of Riboflavin and it is a water-soluble vitamin which readily absorbed…
Q: Enzymopathies – congenital (hereditary) defects of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
A: Enzymopathy is the disorder in which results from either the enzyme of a particular metabolic…
Q: It is mentioned that a high-sucrose diet can cause non-alcoholic FLD. Explain
A: In people who drink little or non-drinkers, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the deposition of…
Q: Briefly discuss the clinical significance of Hypertriglyceridemia?
A: Lipids are the biomolecules which plays an important role in the cell structure and function. They…
Q: 16. Describe the locations where chemical digestion begins and ends, and where nutrient absorption…
A: The chemical digestion of carbohydrate macromolecules begin in the MOUTH/BUCCAL CAVITY, where the…
Q: Explain the presence of the abnormal constituents ofurine.
A: Urine is a generally sterile liquid by-product of the body and is eliminated through the kidneys…
Q: Explain how the body maintains the blood ph in ketoacidosis
A: Ketoacidosis is a disease due to higher levels of ketones in the blood. The standard buffering…
Q: Elevated concentration of blood ketones is referred to as _____________.
A: Ketone bodies are the water-soluble molecules containing the keone group that is produced by the…
Q: classify glycogen storage diseases.
A: Glycogen storage disease occurs due to deficiency of any enzyme involved in glycogenolysis , which…
Q: Explain the significance why protein extraction is important
A: Introduction: Proteins are the nitrogenous organic compounds which are composed of one or more long…
Q: Classify glycogen storage diseases and enzymes deficient in them .
A: Glycogen is the main source of energy for the body . glycogen is stored in the liver. whenever body…
Q: Define the following terms:a. hyperinsulinemiab. dyslipidemiac. hyperglycemiad. glucosuriae.…
A: A metabolic disorders occurs when abnormal chemical reactions in the body disrupt the normal…
Q: What amino acids may be directly deaminated?
A: Deamination is the process of removing an amino group from a molecule. Deaminases are enzymes that…
Q: Define the term pyranose
A: Haworth projection is the simple structural projection used to depict the monomeric units of…
Q: P59: What are the toxicity symptoms of vitamin B3?
A: Vitamin B3 is also known as niacin and it is an atypical vitamin.
Q: What is the enzyme present in the saliva?
A: Enzymes are the biocatalysts that speed up biochemical reactions at optimum pH and temperature.…
Q: classify glycogen storage diseases .
A: Glucose is a major source of energy for the cells. Brain cells solely depend on glucose for energy.…
Q: Q: What is hereditary fructose intolerance? Which enzyme deficiency is implicated in this disease…
A: Hereditary fructose intolerance is a hereditary metabolic disease that is caused by an enzyme…
Q: Pathogenisis of non alcoholic fatty liver
A: Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the most common chronic disease…
Q: Say something about "Lactose Intolerance"
A: Lactose is a disaccharide which is a sugar that is composed of galactose and glucose. It is found…
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- (a)What are the two superfamilies of proteins in which amylase is categorized? (b)To which superfamily of proteins does active site of the amylase belong?In a rare inherited disorder, called Wilson’s disease, excessive amounts of copper accumulate in liver and brain tissue. A prominent symptom of the disease is the deposition of copper in greenishbrown layers surrounding the cornea, called Kayser–Fleischer rings. A defective ATP-dependent protein that transports copper across cell membranes causes Wilson’s disease. Apparently, the copper transport protein is required to incorporate copper into ceruloplasmin and to excrete excess copper. In addition to a diet low in copper, Wilson’s disease is treated with zinc sulfate and the chelating agent penicillamine (p. 148). Describe how these treatments work. [Hint: Metallothionein has a greater affinity for copper than for zinc.]a- During intense exercise the transformation glucose to lactate causes very less ATP production compared to aerobic glycolysis. Explain, does anaerobic glycolysis lead to waste of energy in muscle? b-Glycogen phosphorylase enzyme catalyzes the removal of glucose from glycogen. Describe, glycogen metabolism regulation through glycogen phosphorylase.
- Leigh syndrome is characterized by psychomotor regression: that is, the progressive loss of mental andmovement abilities. Patients also suffer from lacticacidosis, a condition in which mitochondrial respiration is deficient, so their tissues metabolize glucoseanaerobically, leading to the buildup of lactate. Somepatients with Leigh syndrome have a mutation in themitochondrial gene MT-CO3, which encodes a subunit of the electron transport complex cytochromec oxidase. Other patients diagnosed with Leigh syndrome have a loss-of-function mutation in the nucleargene SURF1, which encodes a factor needed for theassembly of this same enzyme complex.a. How can the same symptoms result from mutationsin a mitochondrial gene and from mutations in anuclear gene?(a) What is protein turnover? Give 1-2 examples. (b) What are the main differences between glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids?Is the statement "insulin inhibits beta-oxidation but stimulates fatty acid biosynthesis", cprrect?
- Which of the following is likely to be correct if all mutases are completely inhibited?a. Removal of glucosyl residues from nonreducing ends of glycogen in the liver is compromised;therefore, release of free glucose into blood from the liver would decreaseb. Glycerol can be efficiently converted into glucose but cannot be efficiently converted into glucosylresidues in glycogen in the liverc. Bothaandbd. Neither a nor bAn infant with corneal clouding has dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate in his urine. Decreased activity of which of the enzymes listed below would confirm the suspected diagnosis of Hurler syndrome? * A. α-Glucuronidase B. Glycosyltransferase C. α-L-Iduronidase D. Iduronate sulfatase E. None of the given optionsIndicate whether each of the following substances is involved in (1) glycogenesis but not glycogenolysis, (2) glycogenolysis but not glycogenesis, (3) both glycogenesis and glycogenolysis, or (4) neither glycogenesis nor glycogenolysis. a. Glucose 6-phosphate b. UDP c. Glycogen d. Pi
- Illustrate the following processes and explain briefly and concisely:a. lactic acid formationb. glycolysisc. citric acid cycled. electron-transport chainLactose intolerance is caused by reduced production of the enzyme lactase. A variety of digestive system problems, such as celiac disease and Crohn’s disease) can also lower the production of lactase. If an individual produces low levels of the enzyme lactase, explain why they might be able to tolerate eating dairy products that contain lower levels of lactose (e.g., hard cheeses, feta cheese, and cottage cheese), but will not be able to tolerate foods with high levels of lactose (e.g., milk).Dysregulation of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of glutamate, leads to a variety of metabolic and neurological disorders. One such disorder is hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia syndrome. 1. Describe the role of GDH including the structure, function and biochemistry of the protein and its contribution to the disease. 2. Discuss the several ways that this disease can be diagnosed in the lab 3. Discuss the mechanism by which pharmacological agents act to help in the management of the disease.