A low noise 3  stage cascaded power amplifier is to be used in a typical low noise communication receiver.   The specifications of the three stages are given below: Amplifier -1 :   Gain G1 =31 dB  ; Bandwidth = 1.5 kHz  ;  Total output Noise Power = - 138 dBW Amplifier -2  :   Gain G2 = 20 dB  ;  Equivalent Noise Temperature Te2  = 484 deg K Amplifier -3 :   Gain G3 = 13 dB  ;  Noise Ratio  F3 = 2.1 Assume that all amplifiers are kept at the  same reference  temperature = 27 deg C. Calculate  (i)  Noise ratio (F1) for Amplifier -1 (ii) Noise ratio (F2) for Amplifier -2

Q: (II) What would be the sound level (in dB) of a sound wave in air that corresponds to a displacement…

A:

Q: The speed of sound in air is 331 m/s at atmospheric pressure and 0 Celsius. Suppose you put a…

A:

Q: The density of a muscle is 1.3 g/cm3 and the sound velocity in it is 1.5 km/s. The acoustic…

A: Density, ρ = 1.3 g/cm3 = 1.3×103 kg/m3 Velocity, v = 1.5 km/s = 1500 m/s

Q: Chi-square value can never be negative because O a The observed frequencies cannot be negative Ob…

A: The chi-square test is a statistical hypothesis test which is used to determine whether there is…

Q: Some studies suggest that the upper frequency limit of hearing is determined by the diameter of the…

A:

Q: The sound level 8.25 m from a loudspeaker, placed in the open, is 115 dB. What is the acoustic power…

A: Given data *The distance of sound level from the loudspeaker is r = 8.25 m *The sound level when…

Q: A sound level of 50 dB has ___________ the amplitude of a 30 dB sound.     ten times   twenty times…

A:

Q: The loudest sound produced by a living organism on Earth is made by the bowhead whale (Balaena…

A:

Q: 1. Assuming the speed of sound at a certain temperature is 343m/s. Compute the distance of the…

A:

Q: (II) A person, with his ear to the ground, sees a huge stonestrike the concrete pavement. A moment…

A: The speed of sound is constant in a medium. The expression for speed (v) in terms of the time (t)…

Q: If the resonant (angular) frequency of acoustic system is 280 Hz and half powerfrequencies are 200…

A:

Q: A sound wave radiates from a source uniformly in all directions. If the power of the sound source is…

A:

Q: The acoustic impedance is defined Select one: a. the product of Travel time and density b. the…

A: Acoustic impedance is measure of resistance offered by ultrasound beam when it passes through a…

Q: Sound travels through a gas under which of the following condition? a) Isothermal condition b)…

A: B

Q: In audio and communications systems, the gain, ?, in decibels is defined for an amplifier as ? = 10…

A: Given: The gain in decibels is given as, β=10logPoutPin

Q: A ventilation grille emits a sound power level of 70 dB at 500HZ octave band. If the grille is…

A: Given , Lw = 70 dBQ = 500 HzR = 2.5 mRoom constant = 25 m2   And LP = LW +10log10Q4πr2+4R

Q: 10-9. The following noise spectrum was obtained from a jet aircraft flying overhead at an altitude…

A: Your answer is 108dB

Q: For a category-5e twisted pair the far end cross talk is if the cross-talk nea and the equal level…

A: FEXT = 20*log*( Vx talk / Vo )  Attenuation = 20* log ( v1/v0)

Q: The speaker system at an open-air rock concert forms a ring around the entire circular stage and…

A:

Q: 7. Calculate the signal to noise ratio of a system with output voltage of 15 V and noise of 0.015 V.…

A: Ratio (SNR) = 20log10 (voltage of signal/voltage of noise)

Q: A 268.39-Hz tuning fork is held above a closed pipe. Find the wavelength between the resonances when…

A:

Q: Estimate an approximate value for the Debye temperature, if there are 2x1023 atoms in a material…

A:

Q: For a person with normal hearing, the faintest sound that can be heard at a frequency of 400 Hz has…

A:

Q: Your experiments on a particular insulator indicate that at 20°C, the average speed of sound in the…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first three sub-parts…

Q: 1. A 50-cd point light source is 3.0 inches above the desk. What is the surface lighting on the…

A: 1. Given data: -  The luminous intensity is I = 50-cd. The distance of the light source above the…

Q: 1) An acoustic source is placed in deep water (assume there are no boundaries) and its source level…

A: Given TS = - 5dB  detection threshold =3dB We have to find the source level be in dB that is 52 db

Q: Loudspeakers can produce intense sounds with surprisingly small energy input in spite of their low…

A:

Q: 15.21 Figure 15.3 shows a communication system. What is the output power when the input signal is of…

A: Loss suffered in the path of transmission = 2 dB/km Distance travelled by the signal = 5 km Total…

Q: A student wants to establish a standing wave on a wire 2 m long clamped at both ends. If the wave…

A: “Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If youwant any…

Q: Estimate the number of octaves in the human audible range, 20 Hz to 20 kHz

A: Given data The frequency of the lower audible range of humans is given as FL = 20 Hz. The frequency…

Q: A tuning fork of frequency 480 Hz is used in an experiment for measuring speed of sound (v) in air…

A:

Q: The intensity of sound high as a multiple of the average minimum threshold of hearing intensity is…

A: Given data: Intensity of sound, I=10D10 Decibel reading, D=31

Q: The best Reconstruction of the signal information in the receipt of the signal sample amplifier…

A: Correct option is ( c) i .e.        Low pass filter and sample and hold circuit .

Q: Q1: The sound pressure level inside a building is 110 dB in a certain octave band. Calculate the…

A: Given that :-  Sound pressure - 110 dB Reduction index - 30 db

Q: A.) Find the loudness L, in decibles (dB), of a trombone given the intensity is 1010I0 B.) Find the…

A: A) The trombone’s loudness in decibel can be determined as, Here, I and I0 represent sound’s…

Q: 3 In Fig. 17-26, three long tubes (A, B, and C) are filled with differ- ent gases under different…

A:

Q: If you want to record a standard song, what is the ideal sampling rate (and bit rate)?

A: what is the sample rate and bit rate to use . so let me break it down in a simple way. the sample…

Q: The volume control on a surround sound amplifier is adjusted so the sound intensity level at the…

A: Relation between sound in decibel (dB) and sound intensity is:

Q: For the periodic waveform shown in Figure B3 3 10 20 30 40 50 Time (us) Figure B3 Compute the…

A: Solving the periodic waveform concept by using relation between time and frequency The time period…

Q: A stereo amplifier is rated at 225 W output at 1000 Hz. The power output drops by 12 dB at 15 kHz.…

A: Given: The power of amplifier is P=225 W. The frequency is f=1000 Hz. The drop in power output is…

Q: A speaker produces 1W of acoustical power. If the speaker projects sound uniformly in all…

A: Given data The acoustical power of the speaker is given as P = 1 W. The loudness of the sound is…

Q: Sound is detected when a sound wave causes the eardrum to vibrate. Typically, the diameter of a…

A: Given: Diameter of human eardrum: 8.4 mm The intensity level of given sound wave : P = 20 dB Time…

Q: A sound wave is traveling in seawater, where the adiabatic bulk modulus and density are 2.31 × 109…

A: Given  Density = 1025 kg/m3 Bulk modulas (B) = 2.31×109  Pa Wavelength = 3.22 m f1= 440 Hz

Q: Two waves of same pitch have amplitude in the ratio 1:3. What will be the ratio of their (i)…

A: The loudness is proportional to the amplitude square,

Debye Theory of Solids

In solid-state physics, debye theory is used to estimate the phonons contributing to the specific heat capacity in a solid. It explains that the specific heat is a consequence of the vibrations of the atomic lattice of the solid, which is in contrast to the Einstein model. In the Einstein model, solids are treated as independent, non-interacting quantum harmonic oscillators. This model clearly explains the low-temperature dependence of the heat capacity, which is proportional to T3. This is known as Debye T3 law.