A mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids generates the nitronium ion, + NO2 (mechanism provided, which can react withbenzene to form nitrobenzene vin electrophilic aromatic substitution. Using the provided mechanism that forms thenitronium ion, give a full curved - arrow pushing mechanism for the reaction shown below, indicate the Lewis andBronsted acids/bases at each step as appropriate (LA LB, BA, BB) and include all important resonance contributors atany ionic intermediates.:PHO-N+неё онHNO3H₂SO4NO2O=N=O +HSOnitronium ionelectrophile

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/9d6795d0-1b59-45ae-b663-89d92eb3583b.jpg

Answered: A mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Without using the pKa, write the reaction scheme then decide which direction the reaction be favoured (using electronegativity, resonance and or induction). Please explain!
Predict the structure of the product formed in the reaction of the organic base pyridine with the organic acid acetic acid, and use curved arroes to indicate the direction of electron flow.
A. For the following reaction, give a full curved-arrow pushing mechanism for formation of BOTH products and indicate the Lewis acid and base at each step ( LA or LB ) and whether they are also Bronsted acids and bases (BA or BB). Include all reasonable resonance contributors for any intermediates AND INDICATE THE MAJOR RESONANCE CONTRIBUTOR IF APPROPRIATE B. Indicate which product, A or B, would be formed under thermodynamically controlled conditions and which would be formed under kinetically controlled conditions and give a BRIEF explanation of the role of temperature in determining kinetic and thermodynamic control C. Draw a reaction energy diagram for both reactions on the same diagram.
Complete the following acid-base reactions and predict the direction of equilibrium (to the right or to the left) for each. Justify your prediction by citing values of pKa for the stronger and weaker acid in each equilibrium. For values of acid ionization constants, consult Table 23.2 (Acid Strengths, pKa, of the Conjugate Acids of Selected Amines) and Appendix 2 (Acid Ionization Constants for the Major Classes of Organic Acids). Where no ionization constants are given, make the best estimate from the information given in the reference tables and sections.
Give a complete curved arrow pushing mechanism for reactions A and B 1) Show ALL important resonance contributors for all intermediates. 2) Add non-bonding electrons and C−H bonds to the line-angle structures as required. 3) Indicate the Lewis acid/Lewis base (LA, LB) at each step as appropriate, and whether they are also Brønsted acids/bases (LA/BA, LB,BB) 4) GIVE THE NUMBER OF STEPS IN YOUR MECHANISM
Kevlar®, a polymeric aromatic amide, is synthesized from the monomers p-phenylenediamine (left) and terephthaloyl chlo-ride (right). The polymer strands are initially aligned randomly,but they are dissolved and spun to give a lightweight, flexible product that is five times stronger than steel of the same weight.(a) Describe this step in terms of a Lewis acid-base reaction. (b) Would you expect water or ammonia to react faster with an acid chloride? Explain.
Write the equilibrium-constant expressions and obtainnumerical values for each constant in. (a) the basic dissociation of aniline, C6H5NH2. (b) the acidic dissociation of hypochlorous acid,HClO. (c) the acidic dissociation of methyl ammoniumhydrochloride, CH3NH3Cl. (d) the basic dissociation of NaNO2. (e) the dissociation of H3AsO3to H3O+and AsO33-. (f) the reaction of C2O42-with H2O to give H2C2O4and OH-. show solution
In each of the following reactions, one of the reagents contains two reactive groups (either acidic or basic). You have to decide which group will be affected under mentioned conditions. To answer this problem correctly I suggest that you use the following strategy: (i) Write the products of the reaction: conjugate acid and conjugate base. Use curved arrows to track the flow of electrons; (ii) Using Table 3.1 of the textbook estimate and write pKa values for all acidic groups you have in the reaction equation including conjugate acid; (iii) If you wrote the correct reaction the estimated pKa values should confirm that the reaction transformation changes stronger acid to weaker acid and stronger base to weaker.
In two parts, outline the Electrophilic aromatic substitution for the nitration of benzene using nitric acid and sulfuric acid: A) In part I, using the curved arrow formalism, outline a mechanism for the formation of the nitronium ion, NO2+ starting from nitric acid, HNO3 and sulfuric acid, H2SO4. Do not forget to show all of the formal charges for each atom that is not zero in this mechanism. B) Starting from the nitronium ion that you generated in part “a” from above, outline the Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution of this ion with benzene.
Rank each of the following sets of nitrogen bases in terms of basicity and explain your answer
Using the structure of pyridine in the image react pyridine with acetic (ethanoic) acid in a Bronstead-Lowry reaction. Use curved arrows to show the exchange of the proton, and label the conjugate acid base pairs.
Provide the structure of the product of the following reaction. Violating the octet rule will result in a deduction of 1 point. The product is neutral.

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