1 Temperature And Heat 2 The Kinetic Theory Of Gases 3 The First Law Of Thermodynamics 4 The Second Law Of Thermodynamics 5 Electric Charges And Fields 6 Gauss's Law 7 Electric Potential 8 Capacitance 9 Current And Resistance 10 Direct-current Circuits 11 Magnetic Forces And Fields 12 Sources Of Magnetic Fields 13 Electromagnetic Induction 14 Inductance 15 Alternating-current Circuits 16 Electromagnetic Waves Chapter16: Electromagnetic Waves
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 16.1CYU: Check Your Understanding When the emf across a capacitor Is turned on and the capacitor Is allowed... Problem 16.2CYU: Check Your Understanding Could a purely electric field propagate as a wave through a vacuum without... Problem 16.3CYU: Check Your Understanding The wave equation was obtained by (1) finding the E field produced by the... Problem 16.4CYU: Check Your Understanding What conclusions did our analysis of Maxwell's equations lead to about... Problem 16.5CYU: Check Your Understanding How would the speed and acceleration of a radiation-propelled spacecraft be... Problem 16.6CYU: Check Your Understanding How do the electromagnetic waves f the different kinds of electromagnetic... Problem 1CQ: Explain how the displacement current maintains the continuity of current in a circuit containing a... Problem 2CQ: Describe the field lines of the induced magnetic field along the edge of the imaginary horizontal... Problem 3CQ: Why is it much easier to demonstrate in a student lab that a changing magnetic field induces an... Problem 4CQ: If the electric field of an electromagnetic wave is oscillating along the z-axis and the magnetic... Problem 5CQ: In which situation shown below will the electromagnetic wave be more successful in inducing a... Problem 6CQ: In which situation shown below will the electromagnetic wave be more successful in inducing a... Problem 7CQ: Under what conditions might wires in a circuit wher the current flows in only one direction emit... Problem 8CQ: Shown below is the interference pattern of two radio antennas broabcasting the same signal. Explain... Problem 9CQ: When you stand outdoors in the sunlight, y can you feel the energy that the sunlight carries, but... Problem 10CQ: How does the intensity of an electromagnetic wave depend on its electric field? How does it depend... Problem 11CQ: What is the physical significance of the Poynting vector? Problem 12CQ: A 2.0-mW helium-neon laser transmits a continuous beam of red light of cross-sectional area 0.25... Problem 13CQ: Why is t1 radiation pressure of an electromagnetic wave on a perfectly reflecting surface twice as... Problem 14CQ: Why did the early Hubble Telescope photos of Cornet Ison approaching Earth show it to have merely a... Problem 15CQ: (a) If the electric field and magnetic field in a sinusoidal plane wave were interchanged, in Which... Problem 16CQ: Compare the speed, wavelength, and frequency of radio waves and X-rays traveling in a vacuum. Problem 17CQ: Accelerating electric charge emits electromagnetic radiation. How does this apply in each case: (a)... Problem 18CQ: Compare and contrast the meaning of the prefix “micro” in the names of SI units in the term... Problem 19CQ: Part of the light passing through the air is scattered in all directions by the molecules comprising... Problem 20CQ: When a bowl of soup is removed from a microwave oven, the soup is found to be steaming hot, s1wreas... Problem 21CQ: Certain orientations of a broadcast television antenna give better reception than others for a... Problem 22CQ: What property of light corresponds to loudness in sound? Problem 23CQ: Is the visible region a major portion of the electromagnetic spectrum? Problem 24CQ: Can the human body detect electromagnetic radiation that is outside the visible region of the... Problem 25CQ: Radio waves normally have their E and B fields in specific directions, whereas visible light usually... Problem 26CQ: Give an example of resonance in the reception of electromagnetic waves. Problem 27CQ: Illustrate that the size of details of an object that can be detected with electromagnetic waves is... Problem 28CQ: In which pan of the electromagnetic spectrum are each of these waves: (a) f=10.0kHz , (b) f==750nm ,... Problem 29CQ: In what range of electromagnetic radiation are the electromagnetic waves emitted by power lines in a... Problem 30CQ: If a microwave oven could be modified to merely tune the waves generated to be in the infrared range... Problem 31CQ: A leaky microwave oven in a home can sometimes cause interference with the homeowner’s WIFI system.... Problem 32CQ: When a television news anchor in a studio speaks to a reporter in a distant country, there is... Problem 33P: Show that the magnetic field at a distance r from the axis of two circular parallel plates, produced... Problem 34P: Express the displacement current in a capacitor in terms of the capacitance and the rate of change... Problem 35P: A potential difference V(t) = V0sin tis maintained across a parallel-plate capacitor with... Problem 36P: Suppose the parallel-plate capacitor shown below is accumulating charge at a rate of 0.010 C’s. What... Problem 37P: The potential difference V(t) between parallel plates shown above is instantaneously increasing at a... Problem 38P: A parallel-plate capacitor has a plate area of A=0.250m2 and a separation of 0.0100 in. What must be... Problem 39P: The voltage across a parallel-plate capacitor with area A=800cm2 and separation d = 2 mm varies... Problem 40P: The voltage across a parallel-plate capacitor with area A and separation d varies with time t as V =... Problem 41P: If the Sun suddenly turned off, we would not know it until its light stopped coming. How long would... Problem 42P: What is the maximum electric field strength in an electromagnetic wave that has a maximum magnetic... Problem 43P: An electromagnetic wave has a frequency of 12 MHz. What is its wavelength in vacuum? Problem 44P: If electric and magnetic field strengths vary sinusoidally in time at frequency 1.00 GHz, being zero... Problem 45P: The electric field of an electromagnetic wave traveling in vacuum is described by the following wave... Problem 46P: A plane electromagnetic wave of frequency 20 GHz moves in the positive y-axis direction such that... Problem 47P: The following represents an electromagnetic wave traveling in the direction of the positive y-axis:... Problem 48P: While outdoors on a sunny day, a student holds a large convex lens of radius 4.0 cm above a sheet of... Problem 49P: A plane electromagnetic wave travels northward. At one instant, its electric field has a magnitude... Problem 50P: The electric field of an electromagnetic wave is given by E=(6.0103V/m)sin[2(x18mt6.0 10 8s)] j... Problem 51P: A radio station broadcasts at a frequency of 760 kHz. At a receiver some distance from the antenna,... Problem 52P: The filament in a clear incandescent light bulb radiates visible light at a power of 5.00 W. Model... Problem 53P: At what distance does a 100-W lightbulb produce the same intensity of light as a 75-W lightbulb... Problem 54P: An incandescent light bulb emits only 2.6 W of its power as visible light. What is the rms electric... Problem 55P: A 150-W lightbulb emits 5% of its energy as electromagnetic radiation. What is the magnitude of the... Problem 56P: A small helium-neon laser has a power output of 2.5 mW What is the electromagnetic energy in a 1.0-m... Problem 57P: At the top of Earth’s atmosphere, the time-averaged Porting vector associated with sunlight has a... Problem 58P: The magnetic field of a plane electromagnetic wave moving along the z axis is given by B... Problem 59P: What is the intensity of an electromagnetic wave with a peak electric field strength of 125 Vim? Problem 60P: Assume the helium-neon lasers commonly used in student physics laboratories have power outputs of... Problem 61P: An AM radio transmitter broadcasts 50.0 kW of power uniformly in all directions. (a) Assuming all of... Problem 62P: Suppose the maximum safe intensity of microwaves for human exposure is taken to be 1,00 W/m2. (a) If... Problem 63P: A 2.50-rn-diameter university communications satellite dish receives TV sigia1s that have a maximum... Problem 64P: Lasers can be constructed that produce an extremely high intensity electromagnetic wave for a brief... Problem 65P: A 1-W lightbulb emits 5% of its energy as electromagnetic radiation. What is the radiation pressure... Problem 66P: What pressure does light emitted uniformly in all directions from a 100-W incandescent light bulb... Problem 67P: A microscopic spherical dust particle of radius 2m and mass 10g is moving in outer space at a... Problem 68P: A Styrofoam spherical ball of radius 2 mm and mass 20g is to be suspended by the radiation pressure... Problem 69P: Suppose that S avg for sunlight at a point on the surface of Earth is 900W/m2. (a) If sunlight falls... Problem 70P: reaches the ground with an intensity of about 1.0kW/m2 . A sunbather has a body surface area of 0.8... Problem 71P: Suppose a spherical particle of mass m and radius R in space absorbs light of intensity I for time... Problem 72P: How many helium atoms, each with a radius of about 31 pm, must be placed end to end to have a length... Problem 73P: If you wish to detect details of the size of atoms (about 0.2 nm) with electromagnetic radiation, it... Problem 74P: Find the frequency range of visible light, given that it encompasses wavelengths from 380 to 760 nm. Problem 75P: (a) Calculate the wavelength range for AM radio given its frequency range Is 540 to 1600 kHz. (b) Do... Problem 76P: Radio station WWVB, operated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) from Fort... Problem 77P: An outdoor WIFi unit for a picnic area has a 100-mW output and a range of about 30 m. What output... Problem 78P: The prefix “mega” (M) and “kilo” (k), when referring to amounts of computer data, refer to factors... Problem 79P: A computer user finds that his wireless router transmits data at a rate of 75 Mbps (megabits per... Problem 80P: (a) The ideal size (most efficient) for a broadcast antenna with one end on the ground is one-fourth... Problem 81P: What are the wavelengths of (a) X-rays of frequency 2.01017 Hz? (b) Yellow light of frequency... Problem 82P: For red light of =660nm , what are f,, and k? Problem 83P: A radio transmitter broadcasts plane electromagnetic waves whose maximum electric field at a... Problem 84P: (a) Two microwave frequencies authorized for use in microwave ovens are: 915 and 2450 MHz. Calculate... Problem 85P: During normal beating, the heart creates a maximum 4.00-mV potential across 0.300 m of a person’s... Problem 86P: Distances in space are often quoted in units of light years, the distance ugh travels in 1 year. (a)... Problem 87P: A certain 60.0-Hz ac power line radiates an electromagnetic wave having a maximum electric field... Problem 88P: (a) What is the frequency of the 193-nm ultraviolet radiation used in laser eye surgery? (b)... Problem 89AP: In a region of space, the electric field is pointed along the x-axis, but its magnitude changes as... Problem 90AP: A microwave oven uses electromagnetic waves of frequency f=2.45109 to heat foods. The waves reflect... Problem 91AP: Galileo proposed measuring the speed of light by uncovering a lantern and having an assistant a... Problem 92AP: Show that the wave equation in one dimension 2fx2=1v22ft2 Is satisfied by any doubly differentiable... Problem 93AP: On its highest power setting, a microwave oven increases the temperature of 0.400 kg of spaghetti by... Problem 94AP: A certain microwave oven projects 1.00 kW of microwaves onto a 30-cm-by-40-cm area. (a) What is its... Problem 95AP: E1ecmagnedc radiation from a 5.00-mW laser is concentrated on a 100-mm2 area. (a) What is the... Problem 96AP: A 200-turn flat coil of wire 30.0 cm in diameter acts as an antenna for FM radio at a frequency of... Problem 97AP: Suppose a source of electromagnetic waves radiates uniformly in all directions in empty space where... Problem 98AP: A radio station broadcasts its radio waves with a power of 50,000 W. What would be the intensity of... Problem 99AP: The Poynting vector describes a flow of energy whenever electric and magnetic fields are present.... Problem 100AP: The Sun’s energy strikes Earth at an intensity of 1.37kW/m2 . Assume as a mode! approximation that... Problem 101AP: If a Lightsail spacecraft were sent on a Mars mission, by si1at ratio of the final force to the... Problem 102AP: Lunar astronauts placed a reflector on the Moon’s surface, off which a laser beam is periodically... Problem 103AP: Radar is used to determine distances to various objects by measuring the round-trip time for an echo... Problem 104AP: Calculate the ratio of the highest to lowest frequencies of electromagnetic waves the eye can see,... Problem 105AP: How does the wavelength of radio waves for an AM radio station broadcasting at 1030 KHz compare with... Problem 106CP: A parallel-plate capacitor with plate separation d is connected to a source of emf that places a... Problem 107CP: A particle of cosmic dust has a density =2.0g/cm3 , (a) Assuming the dust particles are spherical... Problem 47P: The following represents an electromagnetic wave traveling in the direction of the positive y-axis:...
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Concept explainers
A plane wave of light that propagates in vacuum in the x-direction obeys the following function:
E(x, t) = (2,000 N/C)sin[(1.26 x 107 m-1 ) − (3.14 x 1015 rad/s)t].
What is the speed of the light wave?
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Definition Definition Rate at which light travels, measured in a vacuum. The speed of light is a universal physical constant used in many areas of physics, most commonly denoted by the letter c . The value of the speed of light c = 299,792,458 m/s, but for most of the calculations, the value of the speed of light is approximated as c = 3 x 10 8 m/s.
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