A researcher claims that the proportion of smokers in a certain city is less than 22%. A random sample of 700 people is taken in the city and 150 people indicate they are smokers. Test the researcher's claim at a 10% level of significance. Step 1 Ho Step 2 α = Step 3 Test Statistic = Step 4 Critical Value = Step 5 Step 6 There H1 (Round this answer to 4 places.) (Round to 3 places or use a table and do not round.) (For this blank type "R" for reject or "FTR" for fail to reject.) sufficient evidence to support the claim. (For this blank, type "is" or "is not be careful with spelling/typos.)
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- The athletic director at a large university compared the proportions of freshmen (1st year students) and seniors (4th year students) who exercise regularly. She analyzed the data and found the Z-statistic for the difference between the population proportions to be 2.43 with a P-value of 0.015. The level of significance was set at 0.05. State the conclusion she can draw about the difference between the two population proportions.A researcher evaluates a new cholesterol medication by measuring cholesterol levels for a group of patients before they begin taking the medication and after they have been taking the medication for 8 weeks. A second researcher measures quality of life for a group of 40-year-old men who have been married for at least 5 years and a group of 40-year-old men who are still single. Explain why the first researcher is probably not concerned about the validity of the measurement, whereas the second researcher probably is. (Hint: What variable is each researcher measuring and how will it be measured?)It is believed that a sweetener called xylitol helps prevent ear infections. In a randomized experiment, 165 children took a placebo and 68 of them got ear infections. Another sample of 159 children took xylitol and 46 of them got ear infections. The scientists believe that the proportion of ear infections in the placebo group will be greater than the xylitol group. Test this hypothesis at α = 0.025.
- Please no written by hand solution and no img 2. A medical research team conducted a study to test the effect of a cholesterol-reducing medication. At the end of the study, the researchers found that of the 450 randomly selected subjects who took the medication, 30 died of heart disease. Of the 450 randomly selected subjects who took a placebo, 55 died of heart disease. Can you support the claim that the death rate due to heart disease is lower for those who took the medication than for those who took the placebo? Let the medication be population 1 and placebo be population . state the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis Find the test statistic If the type -1 error a=0.05, find the critical values(s) and shade the rejection regions Base on the type 1-error a and rejection region(s), given above what is your conclusion (do noy use p-value to draw your conclusion)Historically, Olympic officials have reported testosterone levels, in general, should be µ = 538 ng/dL, with σ = 189, with x being normally distributed. Summer Olympic sprinters (n = 8) from the U.S. were tested for testosterone levels the morning after the opening ceremonies. Their sample mean was x̄=688 ng/dL. Do these data indicate that the sprinters had an overall average testosterone level greater than 538? Use α = .05. State α, Ho, H1, p-value, rejection, or non-rejection, and be certain to interpret your results.Among individuals who eat a healthy diet and exercise frequently the point prevalence of hypertension is 0.09. Individuals subject to poverty, making it more difficult for them to eat a healthy diet and exercise frequently, have a 0.31 point prevalence for hypertension. What is the risk difference between the two groups? 0.29 0.76 0.78 0.22
- When a regression coefficient is significant at the .05 level, it means that there is only a five percent chance that there will be an error in a forecast. there is 95 percent chance that the regression coefficient is the true population coefficient. there is a five percent chance or less that the estimated coefficient is zero. there is a five percent chance or less that the regression coefficient is not the true population coefficient.At a research facility that designs rocket engines, researchers know that some engines fail to ignite as a result of fuel system error. From a random sample of 40 engines of one design, 14 failed to ignite as a result of fuel system error. From a random sample of 30 engines of a second design, 9 failed to ignite as a result of fuel system error. The researchers want to estimate the difference in the proportion of engine failures for the two designs. Which of the following is the most appropriate method to create the estimate? A one-sample zz-interval for a sample proportion A A one-sample zz-interval for a population proportion B A two-sample zz-interval for a population proportion C A two-sample zz-interval for a difference in sample proportions D A two-sample zz-interval for a difference in population proportionsPhoton is a training device that is designed to improve a user's reaction time. Similar devices have been criticized for being too easy to master, but the makers of Photon say that their device is built to give most users room to improve. The makers say that even among professional athletes, the proportion, , who can score the top ranking of "light speed" is less than 16%. A random sample of 110 professional athletes is chosen, and 14 score a ranking of "light speed" while using the device.Complete the parts below to perform a hypothesis test to see if there is enough evidence, at the level of significance, to support the claim that the proportion of all professional athletes who can score a ranking of "light speed" is less than 16% .
- Psychiatrists believe that learning through physical guidance will improve self-care skills. For 4 months the psychiatrists worked with mentally impaired individuals in which half were taught self-care skills through video imitation and the other half through physical guidance. At the end of the 4 months, individuals were asked to independently perform the self-care task and were rated on the level of required assistance where a higher score indicates more assistance. What can be concluded with an α of 0.05? The rating data are below. video imitation physical guidance 10 15 10 13 17 16 11 17 11 19 14 21 11 16 14 14 16 20 A)Obtain/compute the appropriate values to make a decision about H0. Critical Value= Test Statistic= B)Compute the corresponding effect size(s) and indicate magnitude(s). d= r2= C)If appropriate, compute the CI. If not appropriate, input "na" for both spaces below.Dr. Ortega took a wide sample of people and timed them running a mile. There is a lot of variability in time, with some runners taking 5 minutes and others 20 minutes or more. Analyzing this further, Dr. Ortega wants to know what factors influence running speed? She hypothesizes that physical fitness and age play important roles, as do physical health and weight. For further clarity, Dr. Ortega calculates r2 for each variable and finds that the effect size for physical fitness is 29%.Natalie conducted a study on the effects of triclosan on three algae populations. She collected an algae sample from three different ponds, counted the number of algae cells present in the sample, and then exposed them to a 5 ppm aqueous solution of triclosan and re-counted the number of algae cells in each sample. Using a paired t-test, she obtained a p-value of 0.083 when comparing the original algae population sizes to the population sizes after exposure to triclosan. Natalie concluded that triclosan is toxic to algae because her data for the three samples showed a trend toward a reduction in population size. What could Natalie do to show a statistically significant effect of triclosan on algae population size? Justify your response.