A scientific name contains information about its: * class and family phylum and order genus and species family and species The random loss of alleles in a population is called electrophoresis mutation genetic drift selection Which feature is an example of mutation in animals? * plant chimeras a green leaf black hair in people a six-toed cat

A scientific name contains information about its: * class and family phylum and order genus and species family and species The random loss of alleles in a population is called electrophoresis mutation genetic drift selection Which feature is an example of mutation in animals? * plant chimeras a green leaf black hair in people a six-toed cat

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter11: Evolution And Its Processes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 20CTQ: Two species of fish had recently undergone sympatric speciation. The males of each species had a...

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A scientist is attempting to a cladogram that shows the evolutionary closeness of three organisms in relation to humansAfter doing DNA analysis, they that the organisms share the following percentages of DNA Organism A and humans share 85% of their DNA Organismn and humans share 80% of their DNA Organism and humans share 90% of their DNA Based on informationwhich order should they go on the cladogram ( related to most related ?
DNA-sequencing studies for a gene in two closely relatedspecies produce the following numbers of sites that vary:Synonymous polymorphisms 50Nonsynonymous polymorphisms 20Synonymous species differences 18Nonsynonymous species differences 2Does this result support neutral evolution of the gene?Does it support an adaptive replacement of aminoacids? What explanation would you offer for theobservations?
Two species of fish had recently undergone sympatric speciation. The males of each species had a different coloring through which females could identify and choose a partner from her own species. After some time, pollution made the lake so cloudy it was hard for females to distinguish colors. What might take place in this situation?
Tiny foxes live on the Channel Islands off the coastof Southern California; the adults weigh less than3 lbs. These so-called island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) derived from the mainland gray fox (Urocyoncinereoargenteus). Analysis of genome sequencesrevealed that unlike the mainland foxes, the foxeson a single island have shockingly little geneticdiversity.a. The genome of only one fox from each island wassequenced. How would the lack of genetic diversitybe evident in a single genome sequence?b. The populations of the foxes on each island aresmall. How might the low diversity have occurred?c. Why is low genetic diversity thought to lead tospecies extinction?d. Hypothesize as to why the Channel Island foxesare thriving without human assistance despite theirlack of genome sequence diversity
Natural history museums house collections of many kinds ofanimals. These collections contribute to our understanding ofevolution. Most museums still participate in limited collecting,concentrating on particular groups or organisms that will provide aparticular insight into evolution. A bird that was suspected of beinga rare hybrid recently appeared in Missouri, so it was collected forstudy at a nationally recognized museum. Some members of thelocal bird-watching community were upset. a)Do you think that collecting birds such as this suspected hybrid is scientifically justified? Why?
n the late 1800s, the saltation hypothesis (hopeful monster hypothesis) was proposed as a way to explain how speciation happens. Why was this hypothesis ultimately rejected by "the new synthesis"? Because it was silly Because it required individuals to evolve rather than populations Because it could not explain where mutations came from Because we discovered the DNA nature of genes
Recent reconstructions of evolutionary history are often dependenton assigning divergence in terms of changes in amino acid ornucleotide sequences. For example, a comparison of cytochromec shows 10 amino acid differences between humans and dogs,24 differences between humans and moths, and 38 differencesbetween humans and yeast. Such data provide no information asto the absolute times of divergence for humans, dogs, moths, andyeast. How might one calibrate the molecular clock to an absolutetime clock? What problems might one encounter in such acalibration?
House sparrows (Maya) were introduced to North America in 1852. Since that time thesparrows have evolved different characteristics in different locations. Sparrow populations inthe north are larger-bodied than sparrow populations in the south. This divergence inpopulations is probably at least partly a result of natural selection: larger-bodied birds canoften survive lower temperatures than smaller-bodied birds can. Colder weather in the northmay select for larger-bodied birds. What type of evolution based on natural selectionaccounts for this observation? Explain your answer.
Consider two species that diverged whilegeographically separated but resumed contactbefore reproduction isolation was complete. Predictwhat would happen over time if two species matedindiscriminately and a. hybrid offspring survived and reproducedmore poorly than offspring from intraspecificmating or b. hybrid offspring survived and reproduced aswell as offspring from intraspecific mating.Provide an example for each to illustrate yourpoint.
Consider the speciation event via which your species O. virginianus White tail deer split from species b O. hemionus Mule Deer (the more closely related species). Taking into account the basic biology of these organisms, briefly describe how each of the four evolutionary forces might have acted in producing that speciation event: genetic drift, gene flow, natural selection and nutation) .Genetic drift .Gene Flow .Nautual selection . Mutation
When scientists use molecular clocks to estimate the timing of evolutionary change, the assumption is that... Group of answer choices telomeres were not fixed the climate was constant throughout the lineage the organisms engaged in random sexual mixing genes in related species mutate at a fairly constant rate 20
Which pattern of evolution is more likely to introduce homoplasies in the relationships between species?A) divergent evolutionB) parallel evolutionC) convergent evolution