A spaceship at rest in a certain reference frame S is given a speed increment of 0.50c. Relative to its new rest frame, it is then given a further 0.50c increment. This process is continued until its speed with respect to its original frame S exceeds 0.999c. How many increments does this process require?

1. You are an observer in a 100-m long spacecraft traveling from the earth to the moon at 0.8c. (a)What is the proper length of the spacecraft? (b) For a proper time interval of 1 sec., the relativistic time interval for the spacecraft measured from the earth reference frame would be: (c)Time dilation does not apply to all time-dependent physical and biological processes. T/F? (c) What is the relativistic length, DL measured from the reference frame of earth? (d) An APOLLO crew left a flat mirror reflector on the surface of the moon (for all you deniers out there, in the 50th anniversary year of APOLLO 11!). If the average surface-to-surface distance from the earth to the moon is 3.83 x 10^8 m, then how long does it take moonlight to reach earth?

The identical twins Speedo and Goslo join a migration from the Earth to Planet X, which is 20.0 light-years away in a reference frame in which both planets are at rest. The twins, of the same age, depart at the same time on different spacecraft. Speedo's craft travels steadily at 0.905c, Goslo's at 0.680c. Calculate the age difference between the twins after Goslo's spacecraft lands on Planet X. Which twin is the older? Goslo is older by years.

A particle is accelerated from 0.975c to 0.992c as measured in a laboratory reference frame. This is a change in speed of only 1.7% and the ratio of the velocities is 1.017 (as measured in the lab frame). What is the ratio of the particle momentum when moving at 0.992c as compared to when it was moving at 0.975c? This ratio should be expressed as a decimal number. P2 P₁