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- Phase Behavior of Elemental Gallium: Gallium (Ga) is one of the few metals that is liquid near room temperature (Tm = 302 K). a) The vapor pressure for Ga has been measured at 100 Pa at 1620 K and 10 kPa at 2125 K. What is the average metal-metal bond strength (in kJ/mol) for Ga assuming a liquid state coordination number of 6? b) What is the boiling point ( in K) for Ga in a standard lab at sea-level given the above informationFor a Copper-Nickel (Cu-Ni) alloy of composition 25 wt % Ni and 75 wt % Cu at 1200 OC (Point B), refer to the phase diagram provided in Figure 2 and answer the following. (i) What is composition of liquid phase? (ii) What is composition of solid phase? (iii) What fraction of the system is liquid for a 25% Ni alloy at 1250 OC? (iv) What fraction of the system is solid for a 25% Ni alloy at 1250 OC?In a system ABC, a ternary alloy with composition of 30 wt. % B and 30 wt. % C consists at a particular temperature of three phases of equilibrium compositions as follows:Liquid phase: 50 % A, 40 % B, 10 % Calfa solid solution: 85 % A, 10 % B, 5 % Cbeta solid solution: 10 % A, 20 % B, 70 % Ca. Plot the composition of the alloy.b. Calculate the proportion by weight of liquid, and present in this alloy.c. For the same temperature, find the composition of the alloy which will consist of equal proportion of and phases of the compositions stated above, but with no liquid phase.
- 6.1) At the composition of 0.77% by weight C, identify the phase(s) presentat 950 degrees C 6.2) When the specimen is at 950 degrees C, what is the maximum C composition at which a single phase Austenite is stable?6.3) If we slowly cool a Fe-C alloy with 0.77% by weight C, austenitized at950 degrees C, to just below the eutectoid temperature of 727 degrees C, give the weight percentage and composition of the phases present based on the phase diagram given above6.4) If we cool very quickly a Fe-C alloy with 0.77% by weight C,austenitized at 950 degrees C, to room temperature, give the weight percentage and composition of the phase(s) presentBINARY PHASE DIAGRAMS Please answer ALL parts with as much explanation as possible, showing full working out.a)(i) What is the melting point of pure Mg?(ii) What is the maximum solubility of Mg in Pb and at what temperaturedoes this occur? (b) A 50 wt.% Pb-50wt% Mg alloy is slowly cooled from 700 °C to 400 °C.(i) At what temperature does the first solid phase form?(ii) What is the composition of this solid phase?(iii) At what temperature does all the liquid solidify?(iv) What is the composition of the last remaining liquid phase?(v) What is the freezing range? (c) What is the mass fraction of solid and liquid of a 60 wt.% Mg alloy at atemperature of 500 °C.(d) Draw and label the microstructure of an 80 wt.% Mg alloy at 600 °C.(e) A Mg-Pb alloy of mass 5.5 kg has a composition just slightly below thesolubility limit of 200 °C.(i) What mass of lead is in the alloy?(ii) If the alloy is heated to 350 °C how much more lead can be dissolvedin the α phase without exceeding the solubility…Determine the solubility parameters for amorphous polypropylene and poly(methyl methacrylate). (Densities of the two polymers are 0.905 and 1.18 g/mL, respectively.) Consult a polymer handbook and suggest suitable solvents for the two polymers on the basis of solubility parameters.
- (d) By using the data provided below, calculate the PillingBedworth ratio for the nickel (Ni) – nickel oxide (NiO) system and determine whether NiO is protective against corrosion. Atomic mass of nickel = 58.7 g.mol-1 Density of nickel = 8.91 Mg.m-3 Molecular mass of nickel oxide = 74.7 g.mol-1 Density of nickel oxide = 6.67 Mg.m-3 (e) A stainless steel pressure vessel that has fracture toughness, K1C, of 197 MN.m-3/2 is going to be exposed to a stress of 398 MN.m-2 . By using this information explain how designers can determine the thickness of the vessel so that catastrophic failure can be avoided.A scientist was tasked to extract Fe from an aqueous suspension that contains 106 g of Fe2O3. The following steps detail the transformation of Fe2O3 (aq) to elemental iron: I. Enough sulfur trioxide gas was bubbled to Fe2O3 aqueous suspension to completely yield ferric sulfate. II. Then, 5.00 M nitric acid was added to ferric sulfate yielding an aqueous solution of ferric nitrate. III. Excess magnesium powder was added to the aqueous solution of ferric nitrate precipitating the solid iron ----- a. Write the balanced chemical reaction and the type of chemical reaction for [I], [II], [III]. Do not forget to indicate the states of the reactants and products (s, l, g).(CHOICES: COMBINATION, SINGLE DISPLACEMENT, DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT) b. What is the final mass of iron? Express final answers in 3 significant figures. c. High-concentration HCl is supposed to be added at the last part of the procedure. Briefly state its purpose.The functioning of a liquid junction potential can be discussed in detail to obtain better understanding..
- A single crystal Ni (in FCC) alloy bar is uniaxially pulled along [-123]. The bar starts to yield at σ =100MPa by slipping on (111)[-101] which hence is the most favorable slip system.Consider the following series of poly(phenylene oxide) polymers A–D, and their glass transition temperatures. Explain how the differences in structure can account for the differences in TgFluorite (CaF2) has a face centered cubic structure, space group 225, with network parameter equal to 5.45 Å), with four CaF2 units per cell unitary (Ca+ at site 4a(0,0,0) and F- at site 8c(1/4.1/4.1/4 and 3/4.3/4.3/4) + face centered cubic lattice translations for both ions). a) Get a simplified expression for the structure factor F(hkl) of fluorite. (b) What condition must be fulfilled by the Miller indices h,k,l in such a way that F(hkl) ≠ 0?