a. Consider the aggregate production function below, where point A indicates current GDP per worker, which is also a steady state. Suppose Thanos erases half the population, and there is no change in technology. Indicate where the point would most likely move in the short run. GDP per worker A Capital per worker Production function
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- How so gains in worker productivity lead to gains in per capita GDP? A. as workers produce, their wages will rise and they will have more disposable income for consumption, leading to a rise in GDP per Capita. B.The amount a worker can produce and that worker's income are exactly equal so that these numbers stay the same. C.The amount a worker can pproduce and that workers's income are not always exactly equal, so these numbers may differ. D. An aggregate production function describes the input of an entire economy based on various outputs such as capital, labor and technology.For a high-income economy like the United States, what element of the aggregate production function are most important in bringing about growth in per capita GDP? What about the middle-income country such as Brazil? A low-income country such as Niger?Refer to the figure above. The country of Kemper is on its aggregate production function at point W in the above figure. If the population increases with no change in capital or technology, what will happen to the economy? Explain your answer.
- Which is an example of the aggregate production function, Y = F(K, N), that exhibits constant returns to scale? Y= 2 K N Y = 3 K N Y = K/N Y= 2K + 3 NIn the 1990s, developed countries agreed to double their aid to Africa by 2015. A report by the United Nations conference on Trade and Development noted that sceptics had raised concerns about how much effect the doubling of aid would have on output and incomes in Africa, if the quantity of other inputs such as human capacity and institutions were to remain fixed. It also pointed to the divisions between the sceptics with some suggesting the return would diminish when aid reached only 4% of GDP, while others thought they would diminish only when it had reached 50%. It should be added that even if the returns do begin to diminish, they could still be very important.In 1887, Cecil Rhodes created the De Beers Consolidated mines Company, which controlled about 90% of the total world supply of rough uncut diamonds with its South African mines. Until 2001, De Beers produced about half of the world’s diamonds in its mines and marketed about 80% of the world’s diamonds. Diamond producing…Suppose you are given the aggregate production function for an economy and the amount of available technology increases for this economy. If labor and capital constant are held constant, increase in technology will causes labor productivity to decrease. True False
- If we have an aggregate production function of the form Y = AK, at what capital-labor ratio can a steady-state equilibrium be reached?Assume that we have a Cobb-Douglas type aggregate production function in the form: Y = Ka.Lb c. Briefly explain why y'>0 or dy/dk > 0 . Is it possible that dy/dk < 0 ? Why? d. Briefly explain why y'' ≤ 0 . e. Find the elasticity of substitution between K and L. What does expansion path look like?In class we argued that if people could accumulate human as well as physical capital, the production function would look like the “AK” production function. • (a) If the production function is AK and the savings rate is constant at rate “s”, and the rates of depreciation and populati on growth are δ and n respectively, what would the growth rate of the economy be? • (b) What would be the macroeconomic consequences of decreasing the savings rate in this economy? • (c) What would be the consequences of an increase in fertility in this economy? • (d) Would the consequences of decreasing fertility be UNAMBIGUOUSLY GOOD? • (e) Can human capital grow without bounds? Explain why or why not (make sure you discuss the physical nature of human capital). • (f) What is the growth rate of the economy (in the absence of technological progress) if human capital cannot grow without bounds?
- Refer to the graph shown below. At point A: Which is true? A: the economy has full employment B: economic growth is declining C: inflation tends to be declining D: wages can be lowered due to worker surplus“An economy which does not have a strong manufacturing infrastructure cannot continue to make required investment on itself. An economy that grows only by service sector means that it is built on sand.” Sony Member and CEO Akia Morito 1992. Do you agree with Akia Morito’s idea?In his 2020 state of Nation address (SoNA) president of South Africa humbly noted that... '' Even if we (the government) were to Marshall every single resource at our disposal, and engage on a huge expenditure of public funds, we would not alone be able to guarantee employment to the millions of people who are out of work ''. and that '' Without growth there will be no jobs, and without jobs there will be no meaningful improvement in the lives of our people ".