According to the Koszegi-Rabin model, people's reference points are determined by their recent expectations about outcomes. Suppose that, for an endowment effect experiment, people's expec- - are formed prior to entering the lab. According to tations - and thus their reference points the Koszegi-Rabin model, would we expect such people to exhibit a larger or smaller endow ment effect than is predicted by the endowment effect model that we studied in class? Briefly explain TOur ncrer
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- Heterogeneity in an endowment economy Suppose we have two typesof households: A and B. The utility maximization problem for a consumerof type i is max InCi,t+β ln Ci,t+1 Ct,Ct+1subject to Ci,t +Ci,t+1/ 1 + rt = Yi,t + Yi,t+1 / 1 + rt Note that the A and B households have the same discount rate and the same utility function. The only thing that is possibly different is their endowments. 1, Write down the Euler equation for households A and B.In a standard economic model, we generally assume the individual only cares about their own payoff. So, for example, utility of individual i is given by u = pi, where pi is the individual’s payoff. Suppose the individual is playing a dictator game with another partner j. How would you modify the utility function to explain the non-zero allocations to the partner that are typically observed?Who detected the endowment effect first? Tell us about the design of the experiment and its main conclusions.
- University Health System located in San Antonio, Texas implemented a patient navigation program to improve screening for colorectal for Hispanic males, 50 and older, who were members of CareLink (Bexar County’s financial assistance program), and who had not received colorectal cancer screening in the last 10 years. The program incorporated the principle of ____________ (i.e. mistakes are expected and opportunities are given for correction) by making calls to remind patients of their missed appointments. This is a behavioral economics principle under the behavioral concept of ____________. Availability, Judgement Allowance for errors, Choice architecture Framing effects, Decision-making Fairness, Decision-makingConsider the following Bayesian game. There are two players 1 and 2. Both players choose whether to play A or B. Two states are possible, L and R. In the former, players play a stag-hunt game, and in the latter, players play a matching pennies game. Suppose that Player 2 knows the state, while Player 1 thinks that the state is L with probability q and R with probability 1 ! q. Payo§s in each state respectively satisfy: Player 1 is the row player, and their payo§ is the first to appear in each entry. Player 2 is thecolumn player and their payo§ is the second to appear in each entry. (a) What is the set of possible strategies for the two players in this game? (b) Find all the pure strategy Bayes Nash equilibria for any value of q 2 (0, 1).The Condorcet paradox illustrates Arrow’simpossibility theorem by showing that pairwisemajority votinga. is inconsistent with the principle of unanimity.b. leads to social preferences that are not transitive.c. violates the independence of irrelevantalternatives.d. makes one person in effect a dictator.
- In 'the dictator' game, one player (the dictator) chooses how to divide a pot of $10 between herself and another player (the recipient). The recipient does not have an opportunity to reject the proposed distribution. As such, if the dictator only cares about how much money she makes, she should keep all $10 for herself and give the recipient nothing. However, when economists conduct experiments with the dictator game, they find that dictators often offer strictly positive amounts to the recipients. Are dictators behaving irrationally in these experiments? Whether you think they are or not, your response should try to provide an explanation for the behavior.We learned that we can use choice between a gamble over someone's best and worst outcomes and getting an outcome of interest (like getting pizza) for certain as a way to assign numeric values to utility (on a scale of 0 to 1). Using this method, if you are indifferent between the following: A gamble that has a 0.3 chance of your best possible outcome (and no lower chance), and a 0.7 chance of your worst possible outcome. Getting pizza for certain. it means that your utility for getting pizza is:Indicate whether the statement is true or false, and justify your answer.The endowment effect leads to a stronger status quo bias, because trades are more likely to occur.
- Constructing an equilibrium Households live two periods and have prefernces U(c1)+βU(c2) where 0<β<1 and U is the utility function and satisfies our usual assumptions. There are N households in the economy. N1 of these have endowments y1 in the first period and no endowment in the second-these agents are called "Type 1". The remaining N2 have no endowment in the firs period and y2 in the second period- these agents are called "Type 2". Hencethe resources of the economy are N1y1 in the first period and N2y2 in the second, where N=N1+N2 Households have access to a credit market where the can borrow (s<0) or save s<0. The type 1 agent faces budget constraints y1=c11+s1 rs1=c21 where the consumption for the type i agent in period j is denoted cji. The type 2 agent faces budget constraints 0=c12+s2 y2+rs2=c22 The resource constraints are N1y1=N1c11+N2c12 N2y2=N11c21+N2c22 a) state the maximization problem solved by each type of agent and derive the fist order and second order…Rosa received a corgi pillow as a raffle prize; she would have been willing to pay $18 to buy it herself. Based on the endowment effect, we would expect Rosa to be willing to sell the pillow.Some economists maintain that the returns to additional years of education is actually quite small but that there is a substantial “sheepskin” effect whereby one receives a higher salary with the successful completion of degrees or the earning of diplomas (i.e., sheepskins).Explain how the sheepskin effect is analogous to a signaling model.