Ag A1 a Figure 14.19 (Example 14.8) (a) Pressure P, is greater than pressure P, because v, < vg. This device can be used to mea- sure the speed of fluid flow. (b) A Venturi tube, located at the top of the photograph. Air is blown through the tube from the left. The higher level of fluid in the middle column shows that the pressure of the moving air at the top of that column, which is in the constricted region of the Venturi tube, is lower. Charles D. Winters
Fluid Pressure
The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.
Gauge Pressure
Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
The horizontal constricted pipe illustrated as shown, known as a Venturi tube, can be used to measure the flow speed of an incompressible fluid. Determine the flow speed at point 2 of as shown if the pressure difference P1 - P2 is known.
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