Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply (AD-AS) Model (Chapter 13) 5.1 Why does the short-run aggregate supply curve slope upward? 5.2 Explain why the long-run aggregate supply curve is vertical. Then, explain how each of the following events would affect the long-run aggregate supply curve. A lower price levels b. A decrease in the labor force A decrease in the quantity of capital goods d. Technological change a. с.

Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply (AD-AS) Model (Chapter 13) 5.1 Why does the short-run aggregate supply curve slope upward? 5.2 Explain why the long-run aggregate supply curve is vertical. Then, explain how each of the following events would affect the long-run aggregate supply curve. A lower price levels b. A decrease in the labor force A decrease in the quantity of capital goods d. Technological change a. с.

ECON MACRO

5th Edition

ISBN:9781337000529

Author:William A. McEachern

Publisher:William A. McEachern

Chapter5: Introduction To Macroeconomics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3.4P

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2. An introduction to the AD-AS model The aggregate demand and aggregate supply model is a useful simplification of the macroeconomy used to explain short-run fluctuations in economic activity around its long-run trend. The vertical axis of a diagram of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves measures which of the following? An economy’s price level The amount of a particular representative good produced in the economy The price of a particular representative good produced in the economy Which of the following are reasons that the short-run aggregate supply curve slopes upward? Check all that apply. As the price level rises, firms expand their production because they can sell their output for more money. As the price level rises, firms find it more profitable to hire workers at any given wage. As the price level rises, firms decrease their investment because it is more expensive to purchase capital.
The imaginary country of Harris Island has the aggregate supply and aggregate demand curves as Table 24.3 shows. a. Identify the (i) equilibrium basing from the AD/AS diagram attached. b. Would you expect unemployment in this economy to be relatively high or low? c. Would you expect concern about inflation in this economy to be relatively high or low? d. Imagine that consumers begin to lose confidence about the state of the economy, and so AD becomes lower by 275 at every price level. Identify the new aggregate equilibrium. e. How will the shift in AD affect the original output, price level, and employment?
The table below shows the aggregate supply and aggregate demand schedules for the small economy of Pearl, an island in the South Pacific, measured in billions of 2012 dollars. Price Level Aggregate Supply Aggregate Demand 150 34 16 140 31 19 130 28 22 120 25 25 110 23 28 Suppose there is a negative supply shock that decreases the aggregate supply by $6 billion at each price level.What is the new equilibrium GDP as a result of the supply shock? Question 15Answer a. $22 billion b. $23 billion c. $16 billion d. $19 billion e. $17 billion
For each situation below, analyse whether it shifts the aggregate demand (AD) curve, the aggregate-supply (AS) curve, both, or neither. Then, if it does shift a curve, construct the AD-AS diagram to show the effect on the economy in the long-run. a) One extraordinary impact of COVID-19 pandemic to the U.S. economy is a massive increase in saving. U.S. recorded nearly tripled saving over the first two quarters of 2020, from $1.59 trillion annualized in the first quarter to $4.69 trillion in the second, which is by far the biggest increase in modern history. b) The prolonged monsoon rain has caused the production of vegetables in Cameron Highlands fell by about 30%. It has severely impacted a lot of crops, including fruits and flowers. Besides, labor shortages due to the pandemic makes the matters worse.
Distinguish between a movement along the aggregate supply curve and a shift of the entire aggregate supply curve. What factors cause each to occur? Please include in your answer the COVID-19 impact in the economy.
Suppose the government provides incentives (e.g. lower company tax) to firms that engage in high levels of research and development.How would this affect firms’ allocation between different types of investment? Explain. How would this affect the interest rate? Explain. What happens to the quantity of investment overall? Explain.What happens to the short-run aggregate supply curve? Explain. What happens to the long-run aggregate supply curve? Explain. What happens to the value of the dollar? Explain.g What happens to the quantity of net exports demanded? Explain.h What happens to aggregate demand? Explain.
The figure given below represents the equilibrium real GDP and price level in the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model. Suppose that AD and ASp represent the initial aggregate demand and aggregate supply in the economy. Figure 18 Refer to Figure 18. Movement of equilibrium from point D to point B could be initiated by: A) a stock market crash that undermines consumer confidence. B) a tax code changes that negatively affect investor expectations. C) a sharp decrease in government spending. D) a higher net exports because of economic expansion in European countries. E) a technological advancement.
1. In the following table, determine how each event likely effects potential output (a.k.a., long-run aggregate supply). Direction of Potential Output Shift Event Left Right No Shift The government allows more immigration of working-age adults. For environmental and safety reasons, the government requires that the country’s nuclear power plants be permanently shut down. An investment tax credit increases the rate at which firms acquire machinery and equipment. 2. In the following table, determine how each event affects the position of the aggregate demand curve. Direction of AD Curve Shift Event Left Right No Shift A decrease in consumer confidence (suggests people believe a contraction/recession coming) A decrease in individual income tax rates An increase in the value/price of housing 3. What effect would an increase in aggregate demand…
1. In the following table, determine how each event likely effects potential output (a.k.a., long-run aggregate supply). Direction of Potential Output Shift Event Left Right No Shift The government allows more immigration of working-age adults. For environmental and safety reasons, the government requires that the country’s nuclear power plants be permanently shut down. An investment tax credit increases the rate at which firms acquire machinery and equipment. 2. In the following table, determine how each event affects the position of the aggregate demand curve. Direction of AD Curve Shift Event Left Right No Shift A decrease in consumer confidence (suggests people believe a contraction/recession coming) A decrease in individual income tax rates An increase in the value/price of housing 3. What effect would an increase in aggregate demand…
1-What is the general relationship between a country's price level and the quantitiy of it's domestic output (Real GDP) demanded? Who are the buyers of real US GDP? 2- what assumptions cause the immediate -short-run aggregate supply curve to be horizontal? why is the long-run aggregate supply curve vertical? Explain the shape of the short-run aggregate supply curve . Why is the short-run curve relatively flat to the left of the full employment output and relatively steep to the right ? 3- why does a reduction in aggregate demand tend to reduce real output, rather than the price level? 4- Explain" unemployment can be caused by a decrease of aggregate demand or a decrease of aggregate supply ."In each case , specify the price level outcomes . 5- In early 2001 investment spending declined in the USA. In the 2 months follwing september , 11 2001 attacks on the US, consumption also declined . Use Ad-AS analysis to show the two impacts on Real GDP. 6- Using the concept of the multiplier ,…
Which items describe long-run aggregate supply (LRAS), and which ones describe short-run aggregate supply (SRAS)? Long-Run Aggregate Supply The unemployment rate, u, may be above or below the natural rate. Unemployment is at the natural rate, u*. All prices can change. Short-Run Aggregate Supply + Only some prices can change. The economy's output may be above or below the full-employment level, Y*. The economy's output, Y, is at the full- employment level.
Use the Aggregate supply and Aggregate Demand Model below to answer the questions that follow.Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand Model Examine the influence of government expenditure on investment in a nation.Use Jot Inc. Ltd a multinational construction company in which you are theChief Exec of the firm that that is highly diversified and recieves funds toconstruct highways and other government funded projects and explain the factors that cause the Aggregate Demand curve to be downward sloping left to right.