Alex, Kara, and Susie are the only three people in a community. Alex is willing to pay $20 for the fifth unit of a public good; Kara, $15; and Suste, $30. Government should produce the fifth unit of the public good if the marginal cost is less than or equal to Multiple Cholce $20. $40. $1. $65. $30. O O O
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- The perfectly competitive profit-maximizing firm in Exhibit 6 creates water and air pollution as a consequence of producing its output of pigs. If pollution costs are borne by third parties, the firm will maximize economic profit by choosing to a. voluntarily incur costs to reduce its pollution. b. produce at output rate Q3. c. produce at output rate Q2. d. produce at output rate Q4. EXHIBIT 6 Private and Social CostAlex, Kara, and Susie are the only three people in a community. Alex is willing to pay $20 for the fifth unit of a public good; Kara, $15; and Susie, $35. Government should produce the fifth unit of the public good if the marginal cost is less than or equal toThere three individuals each benefit from a public good. The marginal cost of the public good provision is fixed at $20 per unit: MC = $20Whereas each of the three individuals each receive a marginal benefit for each unit of the public good defined by: Person 1: MB1= 40 − 2Q Person 2: MB2= 30 − 2Q Person 3: MB3= 31 − Q They are non-rival, just like with public goods. Therefore, each person benefits from the overall quantity of Q purchased by everyone, not only from the value that they personally acquire.1. Draw a figure with all three MB curves, the MC curve, and the Social Marginal Benefit (SMB) Curve. Label all x-intercepts, y-intercepts, and kinks in the SMB curve.2. Given the above MB curves, write down the Social Marginal Benefit Curve as a function of Q. 3. What is the Socially Optimal Choice of Q and would any private individual purchase this on their own?
- There are three individuals in society, named A, B and C. The individuals' inverse demand curves for a public good are PA = 20 - 3Q, PB = 35 - 5Q and PC = 45 - Q, and the social marginal cost curve for the public good is given by SMC = Q. What is the optimal amount of the public good? a) 1 b) 9 c) answer 10 d) 100 , show me the method.True/False Provision of public goods is the same as public productionAs it relates to a public good, nonrivalry means that: the public sector is able to provide the good profitably. there is no need or demand for the good. either the public sector or the public sector can produce the good, but not both. one person's benefit from the good does not reduce the benefit available to others.
- Which of the following is not true for a public good? a. Free-rider problem arises in case of public goods. b. Public goods include only material commodities. c. Marginal cost of serving public good to one more person is zero. d. Exclusion is not possible in most of the public goods.Consider agent A with (inverse) demand curve for the public good Pa = 60 - 2Qa and agent B with inverse demand Pb = 90 - 5Qb , where prices are measured in £ per unit. The marginal cost of producing the public good is £10 per unit. What is the Pareto efficient level of the public good? Explain. Illustrate in a graph.i)A public good a )costs essentially nothing to produce and is thus provided by the government at a zero price. b)can never be provided by a nongovernmental organization. c) can't be provided to one person without making it available to others as well. d)generally results in substantial negative externalities. ii)The market demand curve for a public good a) shows the total value that all individuals place on each additional unit of the good. b) is derived in the same manner as demand curves for private goods. c)is derived by horizontally summing all individual demand curves. d)shows the total number of units that would be produced by the public sector at each possible price. iii)The market demand curve for a public good a) shows the total value that all individuals place on each additional unit of the good. b)is derived in the same manner as demand curves for private goods. c) is derived by horizontally summing all individual demand curves. d)shows the total number of units…
- Answer the question based on the following information for a public good. Pa and Pb are the prices that individuals A and B are willing to pay for the last unit of a public good, rather than do without it. These people are the only two members of society. Q Pa Pb 1 $ 3 $ 5 2 2 4 3 1 3 4 0 2 5 0 1 The collective willingness of this society to pay for the fourth unit of this public good is Multiple Choice $4. $1. $2. $8. $6.Market supply curve S and private demand curve Dp represent the market for vaccinations. Equilibrium is at point e, and the number of people getting the vaccination is Qe. Society would benefit, however, if more people would get the vaccination. Demand curve DS represents the marginal social benefit (MSB), which includes the private demand for vaccinations plus the external benefits that flow from it. Socially optimal enrollment would be Q1 (point f). Society would benefit the most by consuming Q1 of the vaccination. As a result, the government needs to enact public policy to get the quantity in the vaccination market to Q1. What policy/policies can the government enact to get the Covid-19 vaccination to quantity Q1? Check all that apply. A. Tax the consumer, who is buying the vaccination B. Provide a subsidy for the vaccination C. Impose a regulation, requiring the people of the nation to get the vaccination D. Tax the producer, who is selling the vaccination E. Government produces…For public goods such as bus service, sewage services, power grids,water systems, roads, vaccines, education, law and order, reliableknowledge, and many others, the marginal cost of providing anamount q, MC(q), is positive but decreasing. Suppose that thedemand curve for the good is D(q), i.e. D(q) is societal willingnessto pay for the marginal unit of the public good at level q, D(q) 0and D0(q) < 0. This problem asks you to compare several methodsof deciding how much q to provide.(a) Produce using the competitive rule, p = MC(q). The solutionis denoted qcomp ∗ .(b) Produce as a Monopolist, i.e. solvemaxq≥0 qD(q) - C(q):The solution is denoted qMon ∗ .(c) Produce so as to maximize social surplus from the industry, i.e.solve the problemmaxq≥0 [CS(q) + qD(q)] - C(q);where CS(q) = R0q[D(x) - D(q)] dx is consumer surplus. Thesolution is denoted qISS ∗ .(d) Produce so as to maximize the total social surplus, i.e. solve theproblemmaxq≥0 [B(q) + CS(q) + qD(q)] - C(q);