An array of 10 silicon chips, each of length L = 10 mm on a side, is insulated on one surface and cooled on the opposite surface by atmospheric air in parallel flow with T=20°C and u = 30 m/s. When in use, the same electrical power is dissipated in each chip, maintaining a uniform heat flux over the entire cooled surface.
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- Engine oil at 100C flows over and parallel to a flat surface at a velocity of 3 m/s. Calculate the thickness of the hydrodynamic boundary layer at a distance 0.3 m from the leading edge of the surface.The exact expression for the local Nusselt number for laminar flow along a flat plate is given by: Nux=h(x)x/k=0.332Pr1/3Rex1/2. Atmospheric air at Tinf=400K with a velocity uinf=1.5m/s flows over a flat plate L=2m long maintained at a uniform temperature Tw=300K. Calculate the heat transfer rate from the airstream to the plate from x=0 to x=L=2m for w=0.5m. A. 234 W B. 334 W C. 434 W D. 134 WA 20 °C water flows to 50cmx60cm flat plate with velocity of 6m/s . The flat plate surface temperature is maintained at 40 °C . The air flows parallel to the 50cm side of the plate. If the kinematic viscosity of water is 78x10-8 m2/s, at what length the flow become turbulent? If the average laminar heat transfer coefficient of water is 7740W/m2 °C , what is the overall heat transfer at the laminar section?
- Explain briefly in your own words (parts a-d)a) Why doesn’t the surface roughness affect the pressure drop in a laminar pipe flow? b) For bluff bodies, the drag coefficient decreases abruptly when the flow becomes turbulent. Why? c) Consider a spinning ball (in the clockwise direction) moving with a velocity U. Explain how the lift force is formed on the ball and show its direction. Uwd) For flow over streamlined bodies, drag force usually increases when the flow becomes turbulent.Why? e) Consider a pipe with a radius R and length L (extending from (1) to (2)). Inside the pipe there is a solid cylinder with a radius k×R (k 1). The planes (1) and (2), separated by a distance L have pressures P1 and P2 respectively, with P1 > P2. At t = 0, the inner solid cylinder suddenly begins to be pulled at a constant speed U in the negative z direction. Thefluid is an incompressible Newtonian liquid with dynamic viscosity μ and density ρ. In orderto find the solution for the velocity field in…Consider the radial flow problem shown in top view where the shaded area represents a damage zone with reduced permeability. Also assume that the system consists of 3 horizontal flow units of equal thickness. The original undamaged permeabilities are 55 md in the top layer, 17.5 md in the middle layer and 28 md in the bottom layer, the reservoir radius is 660 ft, and the damage zone radius is 2.5 ft and well bore radius is 0.3 ft in all three layers. The damaged zones’ permeabilities are all 10.5 md in all three layers. Assume that in each layer and in each section of this system flow is steady state radial in the horizontal plane. Is this system radial series or radial parallel layers ? In order to calculate average permeability of the total system do you average parallel layers first or series layers first? Calculate the average permeability of the total system? Plot the pressure profile from wellbore to the reservoir external boundary for the uppermost layer.A 20degC water flows to 50cmx60cm flat plate with velocity of 6m/s . The flat plate surface temperature is maintained at 40deg C. The air flows parallel to the 50cm side of the plate. If the kinematic viscosity of water is 78x10-8 m2/s, at what length the flow become turbulent? If the average laminar heat transfer coefficient of water is 7740W/m2 degC, what is the overall heat transfer at the laminar section?
- A fluid flows at 15 m/s over a wide flat plate 30.5 cm long. For each from the following list, calculate the Reynolds number at the downstream end of the plate. Indicate whether the flow at that point is laminar or turbulent. Assume all fluids are at 50°C. (a) Air, (b) CO2, (c) Water, (d ) Engine oil (unused).Air at -10° C flows over a smooth sharp-edged, almost flat aerodynamics surface that is held at 10°C, at a speed of 120 km/hr . What is the greatest length the plate can be if the flow is to remain laminar over the entire length of the plate? What would be the average film coefficient be of that plate and what is the heat flux? What are the heights of the fluid and thermal boundary layers at the end of that length? Use Re = 350,000 for the critical Reynolds number.Laminar flow occurs when the Reynolds number (Re*) is below 2000; turbulent flow occurs when the Reynolds number is above 2000. For the following species, determine the maximum value of the average 1D speed for which laminar flow will occur: a) Ne at 293 K where ?η is 313 ?μP and ?ρ = (PM)/(RT) through a 2.00 mm (id) pipe b) Liquid water at 293 K where ?η is 0.891 cP and ?ρ = 0.998 g/mL through a 2.00 mm (id) pipe *Re = (?ρ **d)/?η, where d is the diameter of the tube through which the fluid is flowing.
- Air at 1 atm with a velocity of 4 m/s and a temperature of 50oC flows over a flat plate that is at a uniform temperature of 100oC. The plate has a length of 0.20 m and a width of 0.1 m. a) What is the average heat transfer coefficient? b) What is the heat transfer rate from plate to the air? c)What is the average friction coefficient and the drag force ? d)What is the heat transfer coefficient at x=0.15 m ?Consider an infinitely thin flat plate of chord c at an angle of attack α in asupersonic flow. The pressures on the upper and lower surfaces aredifferent but constant over each surface; that is, pu(s) = c1 andpl (s) = c2, where c1 and c2 are constants and c2 > c1. Ignoring the shearstress, calculate the location of the center of pressure.1. Experimental analysis was carried out about turbulent convective heat transfer in trapezoidal cross-sectioned duct.Average Nusselt numbers and Reynolds numbers were determined for each experiment and the following data set have beenobtained from this investigation. Find an engineering correlation between the average Nusselt number and Reynolds numberin the form ofNu = aReb