An article in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy (2005, Vol. 13, pp. 273-279) considered arthroscopic meniscal repair with an absorbable screw. Results showed that for tears greater than 25 millimeters, 14 of 18 (78%) repairs were successful, but for shorter tears, 22 of 30 (73%) repairs were successful. A doctor would like to know if there is evidence that the success rate is greater for longer tears. The P-value for the test H0: p1 = p2 versus H1: p1 > p2 is closest to:
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An article in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy (2005, Vol. 13, pp. 273-279) considered arthroscopic meniscal repair with an absorbable screw. Results showed that for tears greater than 25 millimeters, 14 of 18 (78%) repairs were successful, but for shorter tears, 22 of 30 (73%) repairs were successful. A doctor would like to know if there is evidence that the success rate is greater for longer tears. The P-value for the test H0: p1 = p2 versus H1: p1 > p2 is closest to:
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- An article in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, "Arthroscopic meniscal repair with an absorbable screw: results and surgical technique," (2005, Vol. 13, pp. 273-279) cites a success rate of 1% for meniscal tears with a rim width of less than 3 mm, and a 1% success rate for tears from 3-6 mm. If you are unlucky enough to suffer a meniscal tear of less than 3 mm on your left knee, and one of width 3-6 mm on your right knee, what is the probability that you have exactly one successful surgery? assume surgieries are independent.A U.S. Food Survey showed that Americans routinely eat beef in their diet. Suppose that in a study of 49 consumers in Illinois and 64 consumers in Texas the following results were obtained from two samples regarding average yearly beef consumption: Illinois Texas = 49 = 64 = 54.1lb = 60.4lb S1 = 7.0 S2 = 8.0 Formulate a hypothesis so that, if the null hypothesis is rejected, we can conclude that the average amount of beef eaten annually by consumers in Illinois is significantly less than that eaten by consumers in Texas.According to an article in Science Daily,† women who are having difficulty becoming pregnant sometimes use human growth hormone (HGH) in addition to in-vitro fertilization (IVF) to try to have a baby. A large study found that "there was no strong evidence" that the proportion of women who became pregnant while taking HGH along with IVF was greater than the success rate for IVF alone.
- Is injecting medical cement effective in reducing pain for people who have suffered fractured vertebrae? A paper describes an experiment to compare patients who underwent vertebroplasty (the injection of cement) to patients in a placebo group who underwent a fake procedure. Because the placebo procedure was similar to the vertebroplasty procedure except for the actual injection of cement, patients participating in the experiment were not aware of which treatment they received. All patients were asked to rate their pain at three different times—3 days, 14 days, and 1 month after the procedure. Summary statistics are given in the accompanying table. Pain Intensity VertebroplastyGroup Placebo Group n = 73 n = 76 mean sd mean sd 3 days 4.2 2.8 3.9 2.9 14 days 4.3 2.9 4.5 2.8 1 month 3.9 2.9 4.6 3.0 (a) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean pain intensity between the two treatments at 14 days after treatment. (Use ?Vertebroplasty −…Suppose a researcher is interested inthe effectiveness in a new childhood exercise program implemented in a SRS of schools across a particular county. In order to test the hypothesis that the new program decreases BMI (Kg/m2), the researcher takes a SRS of children from schools where the program is employed and a SRS from schools that do not employ the program and compares the results. Assume the following table represents the SRSs of students and their BMIs. Student intervention group BMI (kg/m2) Student control group BMI (kg/m2) A 18.6 A 21.6 B 18.2 B 18.9 C 19.5 C 19.4 D 18.9 D 22.6 E 24.1 F 23.6 A) Assuming that all the necessary conditions are met (normality, independence, etc.) carry out the appropriate statistical test to determine if the new exercise program is effective. Use an alpha level of 0.05. Do not assume equal variances.B) Construct a 95% confidence interval about your estimate for the average difference in BMI between the groups.The National Institute of Mental Health published an article stating that in any two-year period, approximately 10.5percent of American adults suffer from depression or a depressive illness. Suppose that in a survey of 150 people in a certain town, eight of them suffered from depression or a depressive illness. If you were conducting a hypothesis test to determine if the true proportion of people in that town suffering from depression or a depressive illness is lower than the percent in the general adult American population, what would the null and alternative hypotheses be?
- A researcher was interested in studying if there is a significant relationship between the severity of COVID 19 and blood types of individuals. 2400 individuals were studied and the results are shown below. blood types condition O A B AB Total critical 64 44 20 8 136 severe 175 129 50 15 369 moderate 211 528 151 125 1015 mild 200 400 140 140 880 total 650 1101 361 288 2400 a. State both the null and alternative hypotheses. b. Provide the decision rule for making this decision. Use an alpha level of 5%. c. Show all of the work necessary to calculate the appropriate statistic. d. What conclusion are you allowed to draw? e. Would your conclusion change at the 10% level of significance? [2 marks]In a study of a group of women science majors who remained in their profession and a group who left their profession within a few months of graduation, the researchers collected the data shown here on a self-esteem questionnaire. Leavers Stayers1 = 3.05 2 = 2.92σ1 = 0.71 σ2 = 0.71n1 = 100 n2 = 227At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the self-esteem scores of the two groups? Use the P-value method.In a study of a group of women science majors who remained in their profession and a group who left their profession within a few months of graduation, the researchers collected the data shown here on a self-esteem questionnaire. Leavers Stayers 1 = 3.09 2 = 2.92 σ1 = 0.78 σ2 = 0.78 n1 = 107 n2 = 222 At α = 0.01, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the self-esteem scores of the two groups? Use the P-value method.
- A sample of 26 offshore oil workers took part in a simulated escape exercise, resulting in the accompanying data on time (sec) to complete the escape (“Oxygen Consumption and Ventilation During Escape from an Offshore Platform,” Ergonomics, 1997: 281-292): 389 356 359 363 375 424 325 394 402 373 373 370 364 366 364 325 339 393 392 369 374 359 356 403 334 397 a. Construct a stem-and-leaf display of the data. How does it suggest that the sample mean and median will compare?b. Calculate the values of the sample mean and median. [Hint: Σxi = 9638.]c. By how much could the largest time, currently 424, be increased without affecting the value of the sample median? By how much could this value be decreased without affecting the value of the sample median?d. What are the values of x and x when the observations are reexpressed in minutes?A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately 1 2 mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers. MaleDriver FemaleDriver 1.4 -0.2 1.2 0.5 0.9 1.1 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.2 3 0.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.1 0.5 (a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use ?males − ?females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.) t = df =…A researcher was interested in studying if there is a significant relationship between the severity of COVID 19 and blood types of individuals. 2400 individuals were studied and the results are shown below. Condition Blood Type O A B AB Total Critical 64 44 20 8 136 Severe 175 129 50 15 369 Moderate 211 528 151 125 1015 Mild 200 400 140 140 880 Total 650 1101 361 288 2400 a. State both the null and alternative hypotheses.b. Provide the decision rule for making this decision. Use an alpha level of 5%. c. Show all of the work necessary to calculate the appropriate statistic.d. What conclusion are you allowed to draw?e. Would your conclusion change at the 10% level of significance?f. Confirm test results in part (c) using JASP. Note: All JASP input files and outputtables should be provided