An endocrinologist is supervised by a patient, 40 years old, who has an inferiority of the function of the cortical substance of the adrenal glands, which manifests itself by decreasing the amount of the aldosterone hormone in the blood. What cortical cells are affected? Zona reticularis cells cells of the X-zone Epinephrocytes O The cells of the glomerular zone O Zona fasciculate cells

An endocrinologist is supervised by a patient, 40 years old, who has an inferiority of the function of the cortical substance of the adrenal glands, which manifests itself by decreasing the amount of the aldosterone hormone in the blood. What cortical cells are affected? Zona reticularis cells cells of the X-zone Epinephrocytes O The cells of the glomerular zone O Zona fasciculate cells

Medical Terminology for Health Professions, Spiral bound Version (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305634350

Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder

Publisher:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. Schroeder

ChapterCom: Comprehensive Medical Terminology Review

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 84RS

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Drugs that increase urine flow (diuretic drugs) are oftenemployed in the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure)or other disease states. Three physiological categories of suchdrugs are ones that (i) function as loop diuretics, (ii) inhibitthe action of aldosterone, and (iii) block Na+ channels in thecollecting ducts. Explain why each of these categories wouldbe expected to increase Na+ excretion and urine flow. (Hint:Rereading the section on hormones at the end of Chapter 28might prove helpful.)
In hyperparathyroidism it is not common to find: A. Persistent hypotensionB. Muscle weaknessC. NeuropathyD. Recidivation of nephrolithiasisE. Pain in bone
Explain how his headinjury resulted in these effects on urinaryfunction and thirst. Why would a sphenoidfracture be more likely than an occipitalbone fracture to cause diabetes insipidus?What hormone imbalance resulted from thisaccident? Would you expect to find elevatedglucose in the urine of this diabetic patient?Why or why not?
In kidney development the _____. nephric tubules develop from anterior to posterior with the metanephric tubules developing last "all of the nephric tubules (pronephric, mesonephric, and metanephric) develop at the same time, beginning just after the somites appear" nephric tubules develop from posterior to anterior with the pronephric tubules developing last
The kidneys are the target organ for many hormimes, list the hormones that specifically target the kidneys
The hormone produced by the pineal gland to regulate the circadianrhythm is calleda. estradiol. b. melatonin.c. renin.d. aldosterone.e. None of these are correct
Identify and fully describe the actions of the hormones FGF23, PTH and 1. 25-Vitamin Don the kidney proximal tubule cell.
A 75-year-old man with a long history of diabetes mellitus is found unresponsive inhis apartment. He appears dehydrated. His serum glucose concentration is 860 mg/dL. A urine dipstick shows 4+ glucose and no ketones. Which of the following circulating hormones is the most likely cause of the absence of urinary ketones despite the increased serum glucose concentration?a. ADH (vasopressin)b.GlucagonC. Insulin d. Pancreatic polypeptide e. Somatostatin
Diabetes insipidus is a condition in which the individual produces large amounts of urine. The volume of urine produced by a patient who has diabetes insipidus, was recorded each day. On certain days, the patient was given an injection of pituitary extract. The results of the study are recorded in Table 1. TABLE 1 Day Volume of urine/dm3 1 5.4 2 6.0 3 5.8 4 5.0 5 7.0 6 5.7 7* 1.9 8 2.2 9 6.3 10 4.9 11 5.1 12 5.5 13* 1.5 14* 2.1 15* 2.4 16* 1.7 N.B. The asterisks indicate the days on which the patient was given the pituitary extract. (i)What effect does the pituitary extract have on the volume of urine produced each day? (ii)State the name of the substance that is responsible for this effect? (iii)Describe how this effect is brought about?
Which of the following is true of individuals who lack ADH? Multiple Choice They do not have polydipsia. The collecting ducts of their renal tube are permeable to water. They lose large volumes of body water via the urine. They have a hormone deficiency condition called diabetes mellitus.
A patient suffering from a tumor in the hypothalamus produces excessive amounts of ADH, a condition called syndrome of inappropriateADH (SIADH) production. For this patient, the excessive ADH production is chronic and has persisted for many months. A student nursekeeps a fluid intake-output record on the patient. She is surprised tofind that fluid intake and urinary output are normal. What effect wasshe expecting? Can you explain why urinary output is normal?
Gout—a condition that results in joint swelling and pain—iscaused by the formation of sodium urate (NaC5H3N4O3) crystalswithin tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. Sodium urate precipitatesout of blood plasma when uric acid levels become abnormallyhigh. This can happen as a result of eating too many rich foodsand consuming too much alcohol, which is why gout is sometimesreferred to as the “disease of kings.” If the sodium concentration inblood plasma is 0.140 M and Ksp for sodium urate is 5.76 * 10-8,what minimum concentration of urate results in precipitation?