Antibiotic medication work by targeting specific structures and function in bacterial cells. Side effects in the patient are usually minimal, because their eukaryotic cells do not possess the same structures and characteristics as the prokaryotic pathogens. What structures or functions of the prokaryotic cell would serve as good targets for new antibiotics?

Antibiotic medication work by targeting specific structures and function in bacterial cells. Side effects in the patient are usually minimal, because their eukaryotic cells do not possess the same structures and characteristics as the prokaryotic pathogens. What structures or functions of the prokaryotic cell would serve as good targets for new antibiotics?

Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies (MindTap Course List)

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305964792

Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy Correa

Publisher:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy Correa

Chapter42: Basic Microbiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CR

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Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidogly¬can synthesis or ribosome function. Why would the cytoplasmic membrane be a poor target for antibacterial medications?
Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidoglycan synthesis or ribosome function. Why would the cell membrane be a poor target for antimicrobial medication?
Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidoglycan synthesis or ribosome function. Why would the cytoplasmic membrane (in general) be a poor target for antibacterial medications?
ntibiotics are medicines used to fight bacterial infections. These drugs kill prokaryotic cells without harming human cells. What part or parts of the bacterial cell do you think the antibiotics target? Why?
Your friend Jim Crackcorn has developed a new antibiotic that damages the integrity of the cell wall by breaking down peptidoglycan. Jim tells you that he predicts that gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria and archaeal cells will be equally sensitive to this antibiotic. Do you agree with Jim’s prediction? If you agree, explain in your own words why you agree. If you disagree, explain in your own words what you would predict and why.
There are many antibiotics that target the bacterial cell wall, but there are few antibiotics that target the cell membrane. Why might this be so?
Many of today's antibacterial drugs work by interfering with the growth of cell walls. Why do these drugs tend to have little toxicity to human cells?
Gram-negative bacteria are not killed by penicillin because they: do not have ribosomes. have an outer membrane layer covering their peptidoglycan cell wall. have two layers of peptidoglycan. do not have peptidoglycan. their ribosomes are protected with their own outer membrane layer.
Microbiologists use the Gram stain to differentiate among two groups of bacteria. How do Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria differ? Question 1 options: the presence or absence of peptidoglycan in the cell wall the presence or absence of muramic acid in the cell wall the presence or absence of outer plasma membrane the lipid composition of plasma membrane none of the above.
Which statement best describes why antimicrobial drugs that affect cell wall synthesis tend to have selective toxicity when used by humans? Human cells only synthesize peptidoglycan as a food source Cell wall synthesis is a common metabolic process in humans and bacteria. Most bacteria only synthesize cell walls during their log phase of growth. Human cells do not have cell walls.
In the diagram below, identify the structures of a cyanobacterial cell based on the following descriptions: a) Outer cellular covering which includes: Mucilaginous layer – outermost layer covering the cell wall; protects the cell from harmful factors of the environment Cell wall – found just below the mucilaginous layer; 2 or 3-layered, the inner layer lies in between the outer wall layer and plasma membrane; the outer layer is made of peptidoglycan Innermost plasma membrane – selectively permeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm b) Cytoplasm – found below the plasma membrane; the protoplasm which contains structures of different shapes and functions. Lamellae, which contain pigments such as chlorophylls, carotenes, xanthophylls, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin, are located in the peripheral region of cytoplasm. Ribosomes may also be found scattered in the cytoplasm. c) Nucleic material – the nucleoplasm that is centrally located in the cell and contains chromatin in the form…
Many of the first prokaryotes to be cultured in a scientific lab were human or animal pathogens. Why would these species be more readily cultured than non-pathogenic prokaryotes? a. Pathogenic prokaryotes are hardier than nonpathogenic prokaryotes. b. Non-pathogenic prokaryotes require more supplements in their growth media. c. Most of the necessary culture conditions could be inferred for pathogenic prokaryotes. d. Pathogenic bacteria can grow as free bacteria, but non-pathogenic bacteria only grow as parts of large colonies.