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- The statements are given below, which will best describe why antimicrobial drugs that affect cell wall synthesis tend to have selective toxicity when used by humans? Human cells only synthesize peptidoglycan as a food source Cell wall synthesis is a common metabolic process in humans and bacteria. Most bacteria only synthesize cell walls during their log phase of growth. Human cells do not have cell walls.Many of today's antibacterial drugs work by interfering with the growth of cell walls. Why do these drugs tend to have little toxicity to human cells?Which statement describes how phenolic compounds control microbe growth? They cause protein unfolding and disruption of cell membranes. They inhibit carbohydrate metabolism. They cause denaturing of the DNA. They block phospholipid synthesis so new membranes cannot be formed. They block reproduction by binary fission.
- Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidoglycan synthesis or ribosome function. Why would the cell membrane be a poor target for antimicrobial medication?Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a. catalase: hydrogen peroxide production b. bactericidal permeability-increasing protein: binds LPS and kills Gram-negative bacteria c. elastase: basement membrane degradation d. NADPH oxidase: superoxide radical production e. gelatinase: iron sequestration f. paracrine: acts on neighboring cells.Refrigerated milk can spoil due to microbial growth. Do these microbes typically cause disease in humans? Consider the environment in your body and the environment in which the microbes are growing.
- Which of the following statements is true? Select one: O a. Gram-positive bacterial walls have a relatively thin layer of peptidoglycan anchored to the acids O b. Peptidoglycan is a fatty acid O c. The cell walls of bacteria are composed of peptidoglycan O d. Peptidoglycan is found mainly in the cell walls of fungi, algae and plantsYour friend Jim Crackcorn has developed a new antibiotic that damages the integrity of the cell wall by breaking down peptidoglycan. Jim tells you that he predicts that gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria and archaeal cells will be equally sensitive to this antibiotic. Do you agree with Jim’s prediction? If you agree, explain in your own words why you agree. If you disagree, explain in your own words what you would predict and why.A microbe cannot grow without using enzymes. Explain why bacteria are limited to growth within a given temperature range. Explain why bacteria are limited in growth within a specific pH range.
- A bacterium has the following characteristics:∙ It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration∙ It can survive being boiled∙ It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycanWhich of the following statements best describe the cell wall of this bacterium? Group of answer choices A. Its innermost layer is composed of a phospholipid bilayer. B. After it has been subjected to Gram staining, the cell should remain purple. C. It has an outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide. D. It is mostly composed of a complex, cross-linked polysaccharide.Which statement best describes why antifungal treatments may have side effects to our own cells? A. Fungal cells and human cells both have cells walls made of cellulose B. Fungal cells and human cells both reproduce by budding C. Fungal cells and human cells both have flagella for movement D. Fungal cells and human cells both have a nucleus, 80s ribosome, and multiple shared organellesList three (3) advantages microbes have when living in a biofilm, as compared to planktonic growth. Then explain how each biofilm advantage impacts human health.