As an adiabatic expansion of air occurs through a nozzle from 828 kPa and 71°C to 183 kPa. The initial kinetic energy is negligible. For an isentropic expansion, compute the specific volume, temperature and speed at the exit section.

As an adiabatic expansion of air occurs through a nozzle from 828 kPa and 71°C to 183 kPa. The initial kinetic energy is negligible. For an isentropic expansion, compute the specific volume, temperature and speed at the exit section.

University Physics Volume 2

18th Edition

ISBN:9781938168161

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter3: The First Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 76P: (a) An ideal gas expands adiabatically from a volume of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: Consider the steady adiabatic flow of an incompressible fluid. If the temperature of the fluid…

Q: Calculate the final pressure and temperature for the reversible adiabatic expansion of 1 mole of a…

Q: A 1.00mol sample of an ideal gas at a pressure of 1.00 atm and temperature of 420k undergoes a…

Q: A car tire contains 0.0380 m3 of air at a pressure of 2.20×105 N/m2(about 32 psi). How much more…

A: The ideal gas law is given by, PV=nkT The internal energy is given by, U=52nkTU=52PV

Q: Calculate the heat Q produced during the isobaric cooling process of ideal gas sample with adiabatic…

A: Given that, The work done by compression is W=nRΔT=16 J The change in internal energy is given by…

Q: An ideal, or Carnot, heat pump is used to heat a house to a temperature of 294 K (21 °C). How much…

A: Given:- Out door temperature = 273 K House temperature = 294 K

Q: How much work is done on the steam when 1.00 mol of water at 100∘Cboils and becomes 1 mol of steam…

A: When ever the phase of a substance changes the amount of heat required to change the phase is known…

Q: how to answer part b

A: Write the expression for first law of thermodynamics.

Q: In an adiabatic process, oxygen gas in a container is compressed along a path that can be described…

Q: In an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas the volume is compressed to 1/15 of its original value.…

Q: 260 J of work is done while adiabatically compressing 0.28 mole of a monatomic ideal gas. By how…

A: Given: The work done is 260 J. The amount of the gas is 0.28 moles. The process is adiabatic.

Q: A car tire contains 0.0380 m3 of air at a pressure of 2.20×105 N/m2 (about 32 psi). How much more…

Q: An automobile wheel contains air with a pressure of 3x10 Pa at 25 C. The sipop cover was removed and…

A: The Poisson’s constant and specific heat of gas at constant pressure can be determined using the…

Q: During some actual expansion and compression processes in piston cylinder devices, the gases have…

Q: The volume of an ideal gas is increased from 0.8 m3 to 2.4 m3 while maintaining a constant pressure…

A: The workdone while the expansion of ideal gas keeping the pressure constant is given by W=P dV Where…

Q: An ideal gas is compressed isothermally (constant temp) from a volume of Vi = 6.00 L to a volume of…

A: Determine the work done on the gas as follows.

Q: During an adiabatic process, the temperature of 3.22 moles of amonatomic ideal gas drops from 475 °C…

A: (a) The expression for the work done during the adiabatic process is written as, Here, n, R, Tf, Ti…

Q: It has been suggested that air at 100 kPa and 25C can be cooled by first compressing it…

A: Given: It has been suggested that air at 100 kPa and 25Ccan be cooled by first compressing it…

Q: A car tire contains 0.0380 m3 of air at a pressure of 2.20 × 105 N/m2 (about 32 psi). How much more…

A: Given data The volume of the tire is V=0.0380 m3 The initial pressure is P1=2.20×105 N/m2 The final…

Q: In a closed system, volume changes from 1.5m³ to 7.5m³ and heat addition is 200kJ. Calculate the…

Q: During some actual expansion and compression processes in piston–cylinder devices, the gases have…

A: The initial pressure,

Q: Air enters an adiabatic nozzle at 60 psia, 5408F, and 200 ft/s and exits at 12 psia. Assuming air to…

Q: The compressibility k of a substance is defined as the fractional change in volume of that substance…

A: Given data The compressibility is, k=-1/V(dV/dP) The pressure is, P =2atm Step 1 (a) The negative…

Q: An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic compression, the conditions are given as following Compression…

A: Given P1 = 2 atm V1 = 1×105 L P2 = 2×105 atm V2 = 1×102 L

Q: While constant total pressure = 4.5 atm, an ideal gas grows from 500ml to 900ml. After, the heat…

A: Work done at constant pressure W = P∆V work done at constant volume W=0 because change in volume is…

Q: The figure shows the pV-diagram for an isothermal expansion of 1.50 mol of an ideal gas, at a…

A: SOlution: Given that n= 1.50 mol of an ideal gas T1 = 15.0 deg C (a) What is the change in internal…

Q: In an isothermal process, one mole of an ideal monatomic gas at a temperature T is taken from an…

Q: 2.0 mol of ideal gas at STP experiences a two step phase change - it is first cooled isobarically to…

A: Given data: The number of moles is n=2 mol. The volume relation is Vf=12Vi. Here, Vf is the final…

Q: A canister with a piston contains 1.05 kg of air at 30.0°C and 1.25 x 105 Pa. Energy is transferred…

A: Please note that you have asked five parts of the question. I will be answering only the first three…

Q: Suppose you are given a gas that expands adiabatically so that it follows a path in the p-V diagram…

A: In this question we have to find whether increase or decrease takes place in internal energy. Please…

Q: The piston is compressed with gas in two ways - once isothermal, the second adiabatic. In which case…

A: The final pressure is higher in adiabatic process.

Q: An automobile wheel contains air with a pressure of 3x10^5 Pa at 25 C. The sipop cover was removed…

A: Initial pressure Initial temperature Final pressure Specific heat capacity at constant pressure

Q: It is claimed that a certain cyclical heat engine operates between the temperatures of TH = 460°C…

A: The source temperature TH = 460 + 273 = 733 K The sink temperature TC = 153 + 273 = 426 K The work…

Q: A system gains 1500 J of heat, while the internal energy of the system increases by 4500 J and the…

A: Introduction Given data:- dQ = +1500 J dU = + 4500 J…

Q: A system consisting of an ideal gas at the constant pressure of 120 kPa gains 960 J of heat. Find…

A: Given data The pressure is P=120 kPa The heat gain is Q=960 J The first internal energy is ∆U1=900 J…

Q: An expansion process on an ideal diatomic gas has a linear path between the initial and final states…

A: According to idea gas equation - PV=nRT Rearranging above equation to calculate the product of…

Q: In which of the following transformations undergone by the work is neither done by The gas nor on…

A: From first law of thermodynamics, ΔQ = ΔU + ΔW (B) In adiabatic process, change in…

Q: In an adiabatic free expansion, which of the following statement is correct? O the temperature…

Q: Show that the work done by an ideal gas during an adiabatic expansion is: W=(P1V1 - P2V2)/γ-1,…

Q: During the compression stroke of a certain gasoline engine, the pressure increases from 1.00 atm to…

A: n = 0.016 molInitial Presure, P1 = 1.013 × 105 PaFinal Presure, P2 = 20.26 × 105 PaInitial…

Q: An automobile wheel contains air with a pressure of 3x105 Pa at 25°C. The valve cover was removed…

A: An automobile wheel contains air with a pressure of 3x105 Pa at 25°C. The valve cover was removed…

Q: ) How much work is required to compress 4.99 mol of air at 20.7°C and 1.00 atm to one-eighth of the…

Question

2. As an adiabatic expansion of air occurs through a nozzle from 828 kPa and 71°C to 183
kPa. The initial kinetic energy is negligible. For an isentropic expansion, compute the
specific volume, temperature and speed at the exit section.

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

(a) An ideal gas expands adiabatically from a volume of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial pressure and temperature 5.0105 Pa and 300 K, respectively, what are the final pressure and temperature of the gas? Use =5/3 for the gas. (b) In an isothermal process, an ideal gas expands from a of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial pressure and temperature were 5.0105 Pa and 300 K, respectively, what are the final pressure and temperature of the gas?
An air rifle shoots a lead pellet by allowing high pressure air to expand, propelling the pellet down the rifle barrel. Because this process happens very quickly, no appreciable thermal conduction occurs and the expansion is essentially adiabatic. Suppose the rifle starts with 12.0 cm3 of compressed air, which behaves as an ideal gas with = 1.40. The expanding air pushes a 1.10-g pellet as a piston with cross-sectional area 0.030 0 cm2 along the 50.0-cm-long gun barrel. What initial pressure is required to eject the pellet with a muzzle speed of 120 m/s? Ignore the effects of the air in front of the bullet and friction with the inside walls of the barrel.
Compare the charge in internal energy of an ideal gas for a quasi-static adiabatic expansion with that for a quasi-static isothermal expansion. What happens to the temperature of an ideal gas in an adiabatic expansion?
If a gas is compressed isothermally, which of the following statements is true? (a) Energy is transferred into the gas by heat. (b) No work is done on the gas. (c) The temperature of the gas increases, (d) The internal energy of the gas remains constant, (e) None of those statements is true.
In a cylinder, a sample of an ideal gas with number of moles n undergoes an adiabatic process. (a) Starting with the expression W=PdV and using the condition PV = constant, show that the work done on the gas is W=(11)(PfVfPiVi) (b) Starting with the first law of thermodynamics, show that the work done on the gas is equal to nCV(Tf Ti). (c) Are these two results consistent with each other? Explain.
What does it mean to say that two systems are in thermal equilibrium?
A gas in a cylindrical closed container is adiabatically and quasi-statically expanded from a state A (3 MPa, 2 L) to a state B with volume of 6 L along the path 1.8pV= constant. (a) Plot the path in the pV plane. (b) Find the amount of work done by the gas and the change in the internal energy of the gas during the process.
Review. A house has well-insulated walls. It contains a volume of 100 m3 of air at 300 K. (a) Calculate the energy required to increase the temperature of this diatomic ideal gas by 1.00C. (b) What If? If all this energy could be used to lift an object of mass m through a height of 2.00 m, what is the value of m?
(a) Calculate the rate of heat transfer by radiation from a car radiator at 110C into a 50.0C environment, if the radiator has an emissivity of 0.750 and a 1.20m2 surface area. (b) Is this a significant fraction of the heat transfer by an automobile engine? To answer this, assume a horsepower of 200 hp (1.5 kW) and the efficiency of automobile engines as 25%.
There is no change in the internal of an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process since the internal energy depends only on the temperature. Is it therefore correct to say that an isothermal process is the same as an adiabatic process for an ideal gas? Explain your answer. `
(a) How much heat must be added to raise the temperature of 1.5 mol of air 25.0 to 33.0 at constant volume? Assume air is completely diatomic. (b) Repeat the problem for the same number of moles of xenon, Xe.
A certain ideal gas has a molar specific heat of Cv = 72R. A 2.00-mol sample of the gas always starts at pressure 1.00 105 Pa and temperature 300 K. For each of the following processes, determine (a) the final pressure, (b) the final volume, (c) the final temperature, (d) the change in internal energy of the gas, (e) the energy added to the gas by heat, and (f) the work done on the gas. (i) The gas is heated at constant pressure to 400 K. (ii) The gas is heated at constant volume to 400 K. (iii) The gas is compressed at constant temperature to 1.20 105 Pa. (iv) The gas is compressed adiabatically to 1.20 105 Pa.