Assume that the market for car washing is perfectly competitive. If a single firm washes 27 cars per week, a identical firms in the market, how many cars are getting washed weekly? a. 5400 O b. 2700 O c. it is impossible to say anything about the market output based on information about single firms. O d. 3240 e. less than 2700 because demand slopes down.
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- Return to Figure 9.2. Suppose P0 is 10 and P1 is 11. Suppose a new firm with the same LRAC curve as the incumbent tries to bleak into the market by selling 4,000 units of output. Estimate from the graph what the new firms average cost of producing output would be. If the incumbent continues. to produce 6,000 units, how much output would the two films supply to the market? Estimate what would happen to the market price as a result of the supply of both the incumbent firm and the new entrant. Approximately how much profit would each firm earn? Figure 9.2 Economics of Scale and Natural MonoployFirms ill a perfectly competitive market are said to be price takers that is, once the market determines an equilibrium price for the product, firms must accept this price. If you sell a product in a perfectly competitive market, but you are not happy with its price, would you raise the price, even by a cent?A market in perfect competition is in long-run equilibrium. What happens to the market if labor unions are able to increase wages for workers?
- What two rules does a perfectly competitive firm apply to determine its profit-maximizing quantity of output?If new technology in a perfectly competitive market brings about a substantial reduction in costs of production, how will this affect the market?Suppose that bicycles are produced by a perfectly competitive, constant-cost industryWhich of the following will have a larger effect the long-run price of bicycles: a government program to advertise the health benefits of bicyclingor (2) a government program increases the demand for steel, an input in the manufacture of bicycles that is produced in an increasing cost industry ? O. Option 1: shifts the demand curve out and increases the price. O. Option 2: shifts the supply curve up and increases the price O. Option 2: it shifts the demand curve up and increases the quantity. O. Option 2: shifts the supply curve up and increases the quantity.
- Suppose that each firm in a competitive industry has the following costs: Total cost: TC= 50 + 0.5Q^2The market demand curve for this product is: Qd= 120 − PThere are 9 firms in the market.e) What is the equilibrium price and quantity for this market in the short run? In this equilibrium, how much does each firm produce? Calculate each firm’s profit.f) In the long run with free entry and exit, what is the equilibrium price and quantity in thid market. Is there incentive for firms to enter or exit? h) In this long-run equilibrium, how much does each firm produce? How many firms are in the market?We expect that firms in perfectly competitive markets can earn higher economic profits in the short run but will only earn normal profit in the long run. 1. Business owners would prefer to earn higher economy profits. Why do economists consider it inefficient when firms earn above normal profit? 2. Why do economists consider it inefficient when firms earn less than normal profit?1. Assume the market for coffee mugs is perfectly competitive. Firms in themarket are producing output, but are currently making economic losses. a. How does the price of coffee mugs compare to the average total cost, the averagevariable cost, and the marginal cost of producing coffee mugs?b. Draw two graphs, side by side, illustrating the present situation for the typical firm andin the market.c. Assuming there is no change in either market demand or the firms’ cost curves,explain what will happen in the long run to the price of coffee mugs, marginal cost,average total cost, the quantity supplied by each firm, and the total quantity supplied tothe market.
- A small firm operating in a purely competitive market has fixed costs of $45 per day compensates each employee $96 per day and has daily input and raw material costs as indicated in the table below. A. What would be the profit maximizing level of production if demand increased such that each unit sold for $130?, will the company make an economic profit producing this quantity of output? b: suppose the demand significantly decreased so that price for a unit of ouput sold to $115 each. What should the firm do? Why?A) Suppose that Quinoa is produced with labor (L) and land (K). The markets for labor, land, and quinoaare all perfectly competitive, but the supply of labor and land are both upward sloping (i.e. not perfectlyelastic). As a result, the long-run industry supply curve for quinoa is upward sloping.i) Is producer surplus positive or zero in the long-run?ii) If all firms producing quinoa have identical production technology, do quinoa producers earn aprofit in the long-run?iii) In the long-run, where does producer surplus go in the quinoa market? B) Suppose the market for shoelaces is perfectly competitive and all firms have identical productiontechnology. If short-run profits for shoelace manufacturers are positive, what will happen to the supplyof shoelaces in the long-run? The price of shoelaces?The production of plastic bags characterized by high fixed costs and low marginal costs. As a result, we would expect (relatively) O Few small firms in this market O Many large firms in this market O Many small firms in this market O Few large firms in this market