(b) (i) Define ionization energy. Ionization energy measurements are usually made when atoms are in the gaseous state. Why? (ii) Why is the second ionization energy always greater than the first ionization energy for any element?

Q: Which of the following sets of quantum numbers would account for the highest-energy electron in…

A: The highest energy electron in Ni2+ ion corresponds to a certain set of quantum numbers. The…

Q: Which statements completed with a to e will be true and whichwill be false?In Group 4A (14), an atom…

A: The answer is option b. , which is ionization energy. Because, Ionization energy(I.E.) is the energy…

Q: Why are the ionization energies of the alkali metals in the order Li >, Na > K > Rb?

A: ANSWER IS DISCUSSED BELOW :

Q: Explain the sudden jump in ionization energy for the elements in period 3 and why that jump occurs…

A: The elements in third period are: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, and Ar.

Q: The first ionization energy of sodium is 497 kJ/mol. Write the chemical equation which represents…

A: Ionization energy means the energy required to remove an electron from isolated gaseous atom. Na…

Q: Which has a lower ionization energy, an atom of selenium or an atom of tellurium?

A: Ionization energy: Energy required for an isolated gaseous atom to lose one electron to form…

Q: The ionization energies for Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs are 5.390, 5.138, 4.339, 4.176, and 3.893 eV,…

A: All the atoms are having ionization energy as they are from similar environment and same electrical…

Q: 7.119 The first four ionization energies of an element areapproximately 738, 1450, 7.7 × 103 , and…

A: The first four ionization energies of an element are approximately 738, 1450, 7.7 × 103, and 1.1 ×…

Q: Discuss the relationship between the location of a manyelectron atom in the period ic table and its…

A: Interpretation: The relationship between the location of many atoms in the periodic table and its…

Q: Despite the expected decrease in atomic size, there is an unexpected drop in IE1 values between…

A: Ionization enthalpy, IE, is also called ionization potential is the ability to remove the electron…

Q: Which should have the largest difference between the first and с. second ionization energy-C, Li, N,…

A: (c) Given atoms are -  Carbon C , Lithium Li, Nitrogen N, Beryllium Be  Carbon has total 6…

Q: 7.8 What is a main group element? Give names and symbols of four main group elements.

A: In the modern periodic table, the elements have been arranged according to their atomic numbers. The…

Q: 7.89 Which of the following properties show a clear periodicvariation: (a) first ionization energy,…

A: Let us analyse all the properties one by one. Ionisation  energy is  the minimum quantity of energy…

Q: What element in period 3 is a metalloid?   Give this element’s ground state noble gas orbital…

A:

Q: What are the exceptions to the periodic trends in first ionization energy? Why do they occur?

A: The energy required for the removal of an electron from its gaseous atom or ion is said to be…

Q: exceptions to the periodic trends in ionization energy?

A: Normal trend ; Ionisation energy increases down the group ,due to increases in atomic size and…

Q: Write the full electron configuration for a K−K− ion.

A: The electron configuration of an atom is the representation of the arrangement of electrons…

Q: What is the relationship between the ionization energy of an anion with a -1 charge, such as F, and…

A:

Q: Based on the ionization energies of the alkali metals (see Section3.7), which alkali metal would you…

A: The ionization energies decrease as we go down the group of alkali metals. So, li has the highest…

Q: Explain the relationship of the first ionization energy of an element and its atomic number.

A: Ionization energy is the energy required to extract an electron from the valence shell and atomic…

Q: Write ground-state electron configurations for the ions Li¯, B*, F¯, Al³+, s-, Ar*, Br*, and Te¯.…

A: The given ions are Li-, B+,F- ,Al3+, S-, Ar+,Br+ and Te- If the ions containing unpaired electron…

Q: Silver and rubidium both form +1 ions, but silver is far lessreactive. Suggest an explanation,…

A: Ground state of an atom is that in which all electrons are in lowest possible level. It is that…

Q: Which of these elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si,P ) will display an unusually large jump in ionization…

A:

Q: What is the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons when cesium is exposed to UV rays of frequency…

A: The Kinetic Energy of the Emitted Electrons can be calculated as -

Q: Which element has the ground-state electron configuration [Rn]7s-6d2?

A: 1. The ground state configuration is the lowest energy and most stable arrangement. 2. The natural…

Q: With specific reference to the Calcium atom, describe what is meant by the term 'shielding effect'.

A: Shielding effect: Shielding effect is defined as the decrease in attraction between an electron and…

Q: why the first ionisation energy of Beryllium is higher than the first ionisation energy of Boron ?

A: Ionization energy:  It is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in gas phase.  The…

Q: Which element has the following ground-state electron configuration? [Ne]3s23p3

A: Electronic configuration refers to the systematic arrangement of electrons in the various shells and…

Q: The electron configuration of the 16S^-2 ion is_____

A: • The given species is 16S2-    • We need to write the electronic configuration of 16S2-

Q: ionization energies of group 1A(1) elements

A:

Q: The first ionization energy of sodium is 496 kJ/mol. Use Coulomb’s law to estimate the average…

A:

Q: ionization energy,

A:

Q: The first ionization energy of helium is 2370 kJ mol¯1, the highest for any element. (a) Define…

A: a. The ionization energy of a chemical species (an atom or molecule), is the energy required to…

Q: A. If an element with the valence configuration 4s²3d loses 3 electron(s), these electron(s) would…

A: When d transition metal ionise, it loses its outer s electron  before it loses any electrons.

Q: Which has the larger second ionization energy, lithium or beryllium? Why?

A: Second ionisation energy is defined as the energy required for removing elements' second electron…

Q: What is the characteristic valence electron configuration of the group 7A elements, the halogens?

A: The halogens elements contain valence electrons of seven; two in s-orbital and seven in p-orbital.

Q: rank the three anions of the elements F, Cl, O according to their increasing ionic radius, explain…

A: The answer to the following question is-

Q: the element that has a valence electron configuration 3s23p5 is

A:

Q: Draw the partial (valence-level) orbital diagram and write the symbol, group number, and period…

A: Electronic configuration represent the arrangement of an electron in an orbital in increasing order…

Q: Exceptions to the trend of increasing first ionization energy and increasingly negative (i.e., more…

A: In the periodic table there are 18 groups and seven periods. Among them, the group 15 also known as…

Q: Explain the difference in size between atom Z and ion Z²¹.

A: The size of Z is larger than the size Z2+.

Q: Strontium has a visible line in its spectrum at 539.8 nm. What is its energy in kJ/mol?

A: λ= 539.8 nm = 5.398x10-7 m1 nm = 1x10-9 mThen use the equationE = hν = hc/λwhere h = Planck's…

Q: The ionisation energy generally increases across a period. However, there are two exceptions to the…

A: This question is based upon the concept of ionization energy. First step is to explain about…