Barley, Inc., produces a product and has the following as standard costs per unit for materials and labor: Materials 4 pounds @ $15 per pound Labor 2 hours @$20 per hour For the month of October, the following information was gathered related to production: Beginning inventory Units completed Budgeted output units Materials used (S0.000 pounds) Labor (25,000 hours) 10.,000 12,000 s800,000 $450,000 Compute: A. The materials price and quantity variances B. The labor rate and efficiency variances Provide possible explanations for each variance.

Barley, Inc., produces a product and has the following as standard costs per unit for materials and labor: Materials 4 pounds @ $15 per pound Labor 2 hours @$20 per hour For the month of October, the following information was gathered related to production: Beginning inventory Units completed Budgeted output units Materials used (S0.000 pounds) Labor (25,000 hours) 10.,000 12,000 s800,000 $450,000 Compute: A. The materials price and quantity variances B. The labor rate and efficiency variances Provide possible explanations for each variance.

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Description: PetureJextArurgeBexE openstax-Your Turn: Barley, Inc. ProductionBarley, Inc., produces a product and has the following as standard costs per unit formaterials and labor:Materials 4 pounds @ $15 per poundLabor2 hours @ $20 per hourFor the month of Oc

Principles of Accounting Volume 2

19th Edition

ISBN:9781947172609

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter5: Process Costing

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14PB: Rexar had 1,000 units in beginning inventory before starting 9.500 units and completing 8,000 units....

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Genuine Spice Inc. began operations on January 1 of the current year. The company produces 8-ounce bottles of hand and body lotion called Eternal Beauty. The lotion is sold wholesale in 12-bottle cases for 100 per case. There is a selling commission of 20 per case. The January direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs are as follows: DIRECT MATERIALS Cost Behavior Units per Case Cost per Unit Direct Materials Cost per Case Cream base Variable 100 ozs. 0.02 2.00 Natural oils Variable 30ozs. 0.30 9.00 Bottle (8-OZ-) Variable 12 bottles 0.50 6.00 17.00 DIRECT LABOR Department Cost Behavior Time per Case Labor Rate per Hour Direct Labor Cost per Case Mixing Variable 20 min. 18.00 6.00 Filling Variable 5 14.40 1.2 25 min. 7.20 FACTORY OVERHEAD Cost Behavior Total Cost Utilities Mixed 600 Facility lease Fixed 14,000 Equipment depreciation Fixed 4,300 Supplies Fixed 660 19,560 Part ABreak-Even Analysis The management of Genuine Spice Inc. wishes to determine the number of cases required to break even per month. The utilities cost, which is part of factory overhead, is a mixed cost. The following information was gathered from the first six months of operation regarding this cost: Month Case Production Utility Total Cost January 500 600 February 800 660 March 1,200 740 April 1,100 720 May 950 690 June 1,025 705 Instructions 1. Determine the fixed and variable portions of the utility cost using the high-low method. 2. Determine the contribution margin per ease. 3. Determine the fixed costs per month, including the utility fixed cost from part (1). 4. Determine the break-even number of cases per month. Part BAugust Budgets During July of the current year, the management of Genuine Spice Inc. asked the controller to prepare August manufacturing and income statement budgets. Demand was expected to be 1,500 cases at 100 per case for August. Inventory planning information is provided as follows: Finished Goods Inventory: Cases Cost Estimated finished goods inventory, August 1 300 12,000 Desired finished goods inventory, August 31 175 7,000 Materials Inventory: Cream Base (ozs.) Oils (ozs.) Bottles (bottles) Estimated materials inventory, August 1 250 290 600 Desired materials inventory, August 31 1,000 360 240 There was negligible work in process inventory assumed for either the beginning or end of the month; thus, none was assumed. In addition, there was no change in tile cost per unit or estimated units per case operating data from January. Instructions 5. Prepare the August production budget. 6. Prepare the August direct materials purchases budget. 7. Prepare the August direct labor budget. Round the hours required for production to the nearest hour. 8. Prepare the August factory overhead budget. 9. Prepare the August budgeted income statement, including selling expenses. Part CAugust Variance Analysis During September of the current year, the controller was asked to perform variance analyses for August. The January operating data provided the standard prices, rates, times, and quantities per case. There were 1,500 actual cases produced during August, which was 250 more cases than planned at the Beginning of the month. Actual data for August were as follows: Actual Direct Materials Price per Unit Actual Direct Materials Quantity per Case Cream base 0.016 per oz. 102 ozs. Natural oils 0.32 per oz. 31 ozs. Bottle (8 oz.) 0.42 per bottle 12.5 bottles Actual Direct Labor Rate Actual Direct Labor Time per Case Mixing 18.20 19.50 min. Filling 14.00 5.60 min. Actual variable overhead 305.00 Normal volume 1,600 cases The prices of the materials were different than .standard due to fluctuations in market prices. The standard quantity of materials used per case was an ideal standard. The Mixing Department used a higher grade labor classification during the month, thus causing the actual labor rale to exceed standard. The Filling Department used a lower grade labor classification during the month, thus causing the actual labor rate to be less titan standard. Instructions 10. Determine and interpret the direct materials price and quantity variances for the three materials. 11. Determine and interpret the direct labor rate and time variances for the two departments. Round hours to the nearest hour. 12. Determine and interpret the factory overhead controllable variance. 13. Determine and interpret the factory overhead volume variance. 14. Why are the standard direct labor and direct materials costs in the calculations for parts (10) and (11) based on the actual 1,500-case production volume rather than the planned 1,250 cases of production used in the budgets for parts (6) and (7)?
Ardt-Barger has a beginning work in process inventory of 5.500 units and transferred in 25,000 units before ending the month with 3.000 u flits that were 100% complete with regard to materials and 80% complete with regard to conversion costs. The cost per unit of material is $5.45, and the cost per unit for conversion is $6.20 per unit, Using the weighted-average method, prepare the companys process cost summary for the month.
Pattison Products, Inc., began operations in October and manufactured 40,000 units during the month with the following unit costs: Fixed overhead per unit = 280,000/40,000 units produced = 7. Total fixed factory overhead is 280,000 per month. During October, 38,400 units were sold at a price of 24, and fixed marketing and administrative expenses were 130,500. Required: 1. Calculate the cost of each unit using absorption costing. 2. How many units remain in ending inventory? What is the cost of ending inventory using absorption costing? 3. Prepare an absorption-costing income statement for Pattison Products, Inc., for the month of October. 4. What if November production was 40,000 units, costs were stable, and sales were 41,000 units? What is the cost of ending inventory? What is operating income for November?
Petrillo Company produces engine parts for large motors. The company uses a standard cost system for production costing and control. The standard cost sheet for one of its higher volume products (a valve) is as follows: During the year, Petrillo had the following activity related to valve production: a. Production of valves totaled 20,600 units. b. A total of 135,400 pounds of direct materials was purchased at 5.36 per pound. c. There were 10,000 pounds of direct materials in beginning inventory (carried at 5.40 per pound). There was no ending inventory. d. The company used 36,500 direct labor hours at a total cost of 656,270. e. Actual fixed overhead totaled 110,000. f. Actual variable overhead totaled 168,000. Petrillo produces all of its valves in a single plant. Normal activity is 20,000 units per year. Standard overhead rates are computed based on normal activity measured in standard direct labor hours. Required: 1. Compute the direct materials price and usage variances. 2. Compute the direct labor rate and efficiency variances. 3. Compute overhead variances using a two-variance analysis. 4. Compute overhead variances using a four-variance analysis. 5. Assume that the purchasing agent for the valve plant purchased a lower-quality direct material from a new supplier. Would you recommend that the company continue to use this cheaper direct material? If so, what standards would likely need revision to reflect this decision? Assume that the end products quality is not significantly affected. 6. Prepare all possible journal entries (assuming a four-variance analysis of overhead variances).
Algers Company produces dry fertilizer. At the beginning of the year, Algers had the following standard cost sheet: Algers computes its overhead rates using practical volume, which is 54,000 units. The actual results for the year are as follows: a. Units produced: 53,000 b. Direct materials purchased: 274,000 pounds at 2.50 per pound c. Direct materials used: 270,300 pounds d. Direct labor: 40,100 hours at 17.95 per hour e. Fixed overhead: 161,700 f. Variable overhead: 122,000 Required: 1. Compute price and usage variances for direct materials. 2. Compute the direct labor rate and labor efficiency variances. 3. Compute the fixed overhead spending and volume variances. Interpret the volume variance. 4. Compute the variable overhead spending and efficiency variances. 5. Prepare journal entries for the following: a. The purchase of direct materials b. The issuance of direct materials to production (Work in Process) c. The addition of direct labor to Work in Process d. The addition of overhead to Work in Process e. The incurrence of actual overhead costs f. Closing out of variances to Cost of Goods Sold
Fresno Industries Inc. manufactures and sells high-quality camping tents. The company began operations on January 1 and operated at 100% of capacity (150,000 units) during the first month, creating an ending inventory of 20,000 units. During February, the company produced 130,000 units during the month but sold 150,000 units at 500 per unit. The February manufacturing costs and selling and administrative expenses were as follows: a. Prepare an income statement according to the absorption costing concept for the month ending February 28. b. Prepare an income statement according to the variable costing concept for for the month ending February 28. c. What is the reason for the difference in the amount of operating income reported in (a) and (b)?
Narwhal Swimwear has a beginning work in process inventory of 13,500 units and transferred in 130,000 units before ending the month with 14,000 units that were 100% complete with regard to materials and 30% complete with regard to conversion costs. The cost per unit of material is $5.80 and the cost per unit for conversion is $8.20 per unit. Using the weighted-average method, what is the amount of material and conversion costs assigned to the department for the month?
Mimasca Inc. manufactures various holiday masks. Each mask is shaped from a piece of rubber in the molding department. The masks are then transferred to the finishing department, where they are painted and have elastic bands attached. Mimasca uses the weighted average method. In May, the molding department reported the following data: a. BWIP consisted of 15.000 units, 20% complete. Cost in beginning inventor) totaled 1,656. b. Costs added to production during the month were 26,094. c. At the end of the month, 45.000 units were transferred out to finishing. Then, 5,000 units remained in EWIP, 25% complete. Required: 1. Prepare a physical flow schedule. 2. Calculate equivalent units of production. 3. Compute unit cost. 4. Calculate the cost of goods transferred to finishing at the end of the month. Calculate the cost of ending inventor). 5. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Assume that the masks are inspected at the end of the molding process. Of the 45,000 units inspected, 2,500 are rejected as faulty and are discarded. Thus, only 42,500 units are transferred to the finishing department. The manager of Mimasca considers all such spoilage as abnormal and does not want to assign any of this cost to the 42.500 good units produced and transferred to finishing. Your task is to determine the cost of this spoilage of 2,500 units and then to discuss how you would account for this spoilage cost. Now suppose that the manager feels that this spoilage cost is just part of the cost of producing the good units transferred out. Therefore, he wants to assign this cost to the good production. Explain how this would be handled. (Hint: Spoiled units are a type of output, and equivalent units of spoilage can be calculated.)
Sterling Corporation has an EOQ of 5,000 units. The company uses an average of 500 units per day. An order to replenish the part requires a lead time of five days. Required: 1. Calculate the reorder point, using Equation 20.3. 2. Graphically display the reorder point, where the vertical axis is inventory (units) and the horizontal axis is time (days). Show two replenishments, beginning at time zero with the economic order quantity in inventory. 3. What if the average usage per day of the part is 500 units but a daily maximum usage of 575 units is possible? What is the reorder point when this demand uncertainty exists?
Total Pops data show the following information: New machinery will be added in April. This machine will reduce the labor required per unit and increase the labor rate for those employees qualified to operate the machinery. Finished goods inventory is required to be 20% of the next months requirements. Direct material requires 2 pounds per unit at a cost of $3 per pound. The ending inventory required for direct materials is 15% of the next months needs. In January, the beginning inventory is 3,000 units of finished goods and 4,470 pounds of material. Prepare a production budget, direct materials budget, and direct labor budget for the first quarter of the year.
A company started a new product, and in the first month started 100,000 units. The ending work in process inventory was 20,000 units that were 100% complete with materials and 75% complete with conversion costs. There were 100,000 units to account for, and the equivalent units for materials was $6 per unit while the equivalent units for conversion was $8 per unit. What is the value of the inventory transferred out, using the weighted-average inventory method?
High-End Products Inc. uses a standard cost system in accounting for the cost of production of its only product, Swank. The standards for the production of one unit of Swank follow: Direct materials: 10 feet of Class at $.75 per foot and 3 feet of Chic at $1.00 per foot. Direct labor: 4 hours at $12.00 per hour. Factory overhead: applied at 150% of standard direct labor costs. There was no beginning inventory on hand at July 1. Following is a summary of costs and related data for the production of Swank during the following year ended June 30: 100,000 feet of Class were purchased at $.72 per foot. 30,000 feet of Chic were purchased at $1.05 per foot. 8,000 units of Swank were produced that required 78,000 feet of Class, 26,000 feet of Chic, and 31,000 hours of direct labor at $11.80 per hour. 6,000 units of product Swank were sold. On June 30, there are 22,000 feet of Class, 4,000 feet of Chic, and 2,000 completed units of Swank on hand. All purchases and transfers are “charged in” at standard. Required: Calculate the following, using the formulas on pages 421–422 and 424 and compute the materials variances for both Class and Chic: Materials quantity variance. Materials purchase price variance. Labor efficiency variance. Labor rate variance.