Brian has income of $3200. He spends it on fruits(x) and vegetables (y). The price of fruits is $100 per kilo, and the price of vegetables is $70 per kilo. Assume u(x,y) = 2x^1/2 +4y^1/2 The government want to impose a tax to minimize consumption of vegetables. A tax of $10 per kilo of vegetables is applied if consumption exceeds 5 kilos of vegetables. Plot Brian's budget line with and without the tax and interpret.
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- There are 40 people living in a village each having preference over apples andshirts represented by U(a,b) = a1/3s2/3, where a and s are amount of applesin pounds and shirts consumed, respectively. The price of a shirt is $10. Each villager has $300 income. Apples are supplied to the village by a farmer, whose supply function is S(pa) = 1000pa.Part 1What is the equilibrium price of apples? How many pounds of apples does eachvillager consume?Part 2What is the aggregate net consumer surplus at the equilibrium?Part 3What is the price elasticity of demand at the equilibrium?Part b1Suppose 50 more people move in to the village. What is the equilibrium pricenow? Part b2Are consumers better or worse off now? Why? If a consumer is worse off, byhow much additional income he/she needs to be compensated in order to be aswell off as in Part a.Consider your decision about how many hours towork.a. Draw your budget constraint assuming thatyou pay no taxes on your income. On the samediagram, draw another budget constraintassuming that you pay a 15 percent income tax.b. Show how the tax might lead you to work morehours, fewer hours, or the same number of hours.Explain.consider your decision about how many hours to work. a. draw your budget assuming that you pay no takes on your income. on the diagram, draw another budget constraint assuming that you pay 15% tax. b. show how the tax might lead to more hours of hours,fewer hours or the same number of hours. explain.
- The adviser to the local government argues for imposing a tax on consumers instead of producers, because this would "spare producers from the negative impact of the taxes." An appropriate response (from an economic perspective) would be to say that a. This is correct as long as the substitution effect is stronger than the income effect b. This is incorrect, because taxes are money that goes to the government c. This is incorrect, because both, producers and consumers are affected by a tax independent of whether the tax is imposed on consumption or production d. This is incorrect, because a tax on consumption affects producers even more than a tax on productionIf you’ve ever travelled to another country, such asGermany, you may have noticed that the price on aproduct is the total amount you actually pay when youcheck out. That is, no sales tax is added to the purchaseprice at the checkout as it is in the United States. That isbecause many countries impose a value added tax (VAT).In a small group, research value added taxes and debate whether or not such taxes benefit consumers. Do mar-keters support or dislike these types of taxes?Economists in Champaign have been studying the local market for pizza. The market is described in the graph below: Some research by the local university shows that eating pizza improves health in several ways. The local government decides to subsidize pizza consumption paying for $2 of every pizza sold(essentially a negative tax of $2). How many pizzas will be sold in the market?
- Consider food stamps where the government gives a person $100 worth of food stamps that can only be used to buy food. When the person buys food instead of paying cash he gives an equivalent value of food stamps, e.g. if he buys $50 of food he must surrender $50 of food stamps. After his food stamps are exhausted, the person can continue to buy food but must pay cash. The person's budget line when he receives food stamps shows all the combinations of the 2 goods he can buy using his monetary income plus his food stamps together and is kinked.Hasmi has an income of $100. a. Draw their budget constraint when the price of Ais $1and the price of Bis \$2. (Put quantity of Bon the vertical axis.) b. The government decides to tax Hasmi's income by 20%while subsidizing the price of B by 50%. On the same graph, draw Hasmi's new budget constraint. c. Based on your graph above, explain briefly whether it is possible that the amount of tax revenues the government receives from Hasmi can equal the total amount paid in subsidies for Hasmi's consumption of B.It is a hot day and Bert is thirsty. Here is the value he places on a bottle of water: Bottle of Water Value Value of first bottle $7 Value of second bottle $5 Value of third bottle $3 Value of fourth bottle $1 From this information, derive Bert’s demand schedule. Graph his demand curve for bottled water. If the price of a bottle of water is $4, how many bottles does Bert buy? How much consumer surplus does Bert get from his purchases? Show Bert’s consumer surplus in your graph. If the price falls to $2, how does quantity demand change? How does Bert’s consumer surplus change? Show these changes in your graph.
- You have $100 to spend on food and clothing. The price of food is $4, and the price of clothing is $10. Suppose that the government subsidizes clothing such that each unit of clothing is half-price, up to thefirst five units of clothing. Graph your budget constraint in this circumstance.A family has the following utility over childcare, c, and food, f,: U(x,y) = c^1/5 f^4/5. The price of childcare Pc= 2, the price of food Pf= 4, and income I = 20. a) What is the family’s demand for childcare and food? b) Suppose the government gives the family an income subsidy of S = 10. How will the family allocate the subsidy in the consumption of the goods c and f (in other words by how much does the consumption of each of these goods rise)? What is the level of utility attained by the family after the subsidy? c) Suppose now that the government decides to give an in-kind transfer to the family. The in-kind transfer takes the form of 4 hours of childcare and .5 units of food. Assume that the transfer cannot be re-sold. Draw a carefully labeled graph where you show that the pre- and post transfer budget constraint. d) What are the new consumption levels after the in-kind transfer is given? What is the level of utility attained by the family at this consumption level? Thank you for…Jenny has a utility function U(x, y) = 2xy + 1. The price of x is $1 and the price of y is $1, and her income is $20. A. How much x and y does Jenny demand? B. A tax is placed on x so that x now costs Jenny $2 while her income and the price of y stay the same. How much of good x does she now demand? C. Would Jenny be as well off as she was before the tax if when the tax was imposed, her income rose by an amount equal to $1 times the answer to part (b)?