C is consumer expenditure T is tax revenue Y is aggregate output I is investment expenditure r is interest rate G is government expenditure Lis money demand M is money supply Derive the relevant matrix inverse (do not use Cramer's rule) to solve for the equilibrium level of income in terms of government expenditure (G). At what level of public spending does the government balance its budget? (Hint: the endogenous variables are Y and r).
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- Exercise D24 Compare two policies: a tax cut on income or an increase in government spending on roads and bridges. What are both the short-term and long—term impacts of such policies on the economy?Assume the following model of the expenditure sector: S=C+I+G+Nx TR=100 C=420+(4/5)YD I=160 G=180 Nx=-40 YD=Y+TR-TA TA=(1/6)Y If the government would like to increase the equilibrium level of output (Y) to the full employment level Y*=2,700, by how much should government purchases (G) be changed?. Suppose the United States economy is repre- sented by the following equations: Z = C + I + G, C = 500 + 0.75YD, T = 600, I = 300, YD = Y − T , G = 2000 Given the above variables, calculate the equilibrium level of output. assume that government spending decreases from 2000 to 1900. What is the new equilibrium level of output? How much does income change as a result of this event? What is the multiplier for this economy?
- According to computer estimates using a traditional macroeconomic model, the Obama administration found that the multiplier for tax cuts and government expenditures were respectively a. 0.99 and 1.59 b. 1.59 and 0.99 c. 1.3 and 1.7 d. 1.7 and 1.3please assist with the following Consumption function: C = 250 + 0.8Y Investment spending: I = 150 Government spending: G = 500 Exports of goods and services: X = 200 Imports of goods and services: Z = 150 Proportional tax rate: t =25%Full employment level of income = 3575 Calculate total autonomus spending for economy X. Calculate the multiplier for economy X. Calculate the equilibrium income for the economy. Calculate the change in government spending required to reach (3) full employment level of income.Consider an economy where the aggregate planned expenditure (AE) components are given by: Consumption (C) = 1000 + 0.8Y Investment (I) = 200 Government Expenditure (G) = 250 Exports (Ex) = 400 Imports (Im) = 200 + 0.133Y Write the AE equation (simplified). Identify the autonomous component and the induced component. Graph the AE curve. Find and identify on the graph the equilibrium expenditure. Show on your graph the effect of an increase of 60 in government expenditure and find the new equilibrium expenditure. Find the expenditure multiplier.
- ASSUME THAT A THREE SECTOR ECONOMY IN COUNTRY W. THE AMOUNT OF AUTONOMOUS CONSUMPTION IS RM 300 MILLION WITH PROPORTION OF AN INCREASE IN INCOME THAT IS SPENT ON CONSUMPTION IS 0.5. AN INDUCED TAX OF 20% IS IMPOSED BY THE COUNTRY. THE AMOUNT OF IS RM 250 MILLION AND THE AMOUNT OF GOVERNMENT SPENDING IS RM 150 MILLION. CALCULATE THE NATIONAL EQUILIBRIUM INCOME.Income Expenditures 0 100 100 150 200 200 300 250 Refer to the table above to answer the following: (a) At an income level of $200, how much is autonomous expenditures and how much is induced? (b) Given the expenditures function AE = $4,000 + 0.6Y and income of $1,000, how much is spent and how much is induced?Suppose that autonomous consumption (a) is 300, private investment spending(I) is 420, government spending (G) is 400 , Net taxes (T) are 400 and marginal propensity to consume (b) is 80 %, and marginal tax rate (t) is 25 % . By using the above information Find the equilibrium value of national incomeand show it on a graph.
- Suppose we have the following consumption function in an economy C = 2000 + 0.9YD. Howmuch government spending has to be increased in order to have an increase in equilibriumoutput equal to 1000? a. 100.b. 200.c. 250.d. 1000.e. none of these.f. do not have adequate information.(b)Assume that a three-sector economy in Country W. The amount of autonomous consumption is RM300 million with the proportion of an increase in income that is spent on consumption is 0.5. An induced tax of 20% is imposed by the country. The amount of investment is RM250 million, and the amount of government spending is RM150 million. (i)Calculate the national income equilibrium. (ii)Based on your answer in (i), show the aggregate expenditure graph. (iii)Explain what would happen to the national income equilibrium if the investment changes by RM100 million.MULTIPLE CHOICE Which of the following statements best describes an implication of the Permanent Income Hypothesis? (1) The Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) out of permanent income is larger than the MPC out of temporary income. (2) The MPC out of permanent income is smaller than the MPC out of temporary income. (3) The MPC out of permanent income is equal to the MPC out of temporary income. (4) The MPC out of permanent income is larger than the MPC out of temporary income, only if income effects dominate substitution effects.