25 Sickle Cell AnemiaSickle cell anemia is a group of blood disorders that develop when a person inherits a specific recessive gene mutation. Gene mutations are permanent changes in a genetic sequence. The sicklecell mutation affects the structure of hemoglobin; hemoglobin allows red blood cells to carry oxygen. In order for a person to have sickle cell anemia, they have to inherit two copies of the recessiveallele, one from each parent. The diagram shows the genotypes of an unaffected person and a person with sickle cell anemia.Normal genotypeDNA GAC TGA GGA CTC CTCmRNA C||U|G| ACU CCUGAG GAGAmino acidsequenceGlutamicacidLeucine Threonine ProlineSickle cell anemia genotypeDNA GAC TGAGGA CAC CTCmRNA|C|U|GAmino acidsequenceGlutamicacidNormalACUCCU GUG GAGGlutamicacidLeucine Threonine ProlineValineMutant38Normal red blood cellsCarnofilSickled red blood cellsCapillaries are very thin, narrow blood vessels that allow for the transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients. The image shows how normal red blood cells and sickle-shaped red blood cells flow through a capillary.Use information in the image to describe two ways that the sickle cell gene mutation affects the ability of red blood cells to perform their normal function.Normal red blood cell sectionAbnormal red blood cell section

Capillaries are very thin, narrow blood vessels that allow for the transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients. The image shows how normal red blood cells and sickle- blood cells flow through a capillary Use information in the image to describe two ways that the sickle cell gene mutation affects the ability of red blood cells to perform their normal function Normal red blood cell section Abnormal red blood cell section

Capillaries are very thin, narrow blood vessels that allow for the transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients. The image shows how normal red blood cells and sickle- blood cells flow through a capillary Use information in the image to describe two ways that the sickle cell gene mutation affects the ability of red blood cells to perform their normal function Normal red blood cell section Abnormal red blood cell section

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter19: Introduction To Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9CT

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

If diseases such as cardiovascular disease (hypertension and atherosclerosis) are familial, is this an indication that there is a genetic contribution to these traits? What would you do to confirm that genetics is involved in this condition?
An allele responsible for Marfan syndrome Section 13.4 is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. What is the chance that a child will inherit the allele if one parent does not carry it and the other is heterozygous?
Sickle cell anemia is caused by an individual carrying two recessive copies of the hemoglobin gene (hemoglobin gene is labeled Hb, and the recessive version is Hbs). Thus, to have sickle cell anemia, a person must have the genotype HbSHbS. A person that is HbAHbA carries two copies of the normal hemoglobin gene and does not have sickle cell anemia. A person that is heterozygous (HbAHbS) produces enough normal hemoglobin to not have sickle cell anemia but is also resistant to malaria. People that are heterozygous are called “carriers” because they carry the recessive allele but do not express the recessive phenotype. a. A couple are both resistant to malaria but do not have sickle cell anemia. Draw a Punnett square to represent this cross. b. What is the probability that the couple has three children where one child does not have a recessive allele, one child is resistant to malaria and does not have sickle cell anemia, and one child has sickle cell anemia?
Sickle-cell disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. How many mutated hemoglobin alleles do people with sickle-cell disease have?
Sickle cell anemia is an inheritable red blood cell disorder that results in sickle-shaped red blood cells. The sickle-shaped red blood cells can stick to blood vessel walls and cause a blockage or slow the movement of blood throughout the body. Individuals who are heterozygous produce both normal and sickle-shaped red blood cells which gives them resistance to malaria but they do not develop sickle cell anemia (so heterozygotes are unaffected on the pedigree).Let HbS be the allele for sickle cell anemia and let HbA be the allele for normal red blood cells. Which of the following rows provides the correct genotypes for individuals I-2, I-4, II-1, and III-1? Select one: a. I-2 I-4 II-1 III-1 HbA_ HbAHbS HbAHbS HbA_ b. I-2 I-4 II-1 III-1 HbA_ HbAHbS HbAHbS HbAHbS c. I-2 I-4 II-1 III-1 HbAHbS HbAHbS HbAHbS HbAHbS d. I-2 I-4 II-1 III-1 HbAHbA HbAHbA HbAHbA HbAHbA
One of your patients, a six-year-old girl who suffers from Sickle cell anemia, an inherited blood disorder in which red blood cells are abnormally shaped and fragile, leading to a short supply of red blood cells. These abnormal cells can also get stuck in small vessels, which prevent blood flow, leading to fatigue, pain and other severe complications. Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. Neither of your patient's parents has sickle cell anemia. What is the most likely genotype of her parents? (The normal beta-globin allele is abbreviated as B, and the abnormal allele as b.) one is B and one is b one is BB and one is bb both are Bb both are bb both are BB
Sickle cell anemia is a disease that is caused by a mutation in the gene that produces hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in red blood cells. The HbA allele produces normal hemoglobin and the HbS allele produces hemoglobin that sticks together and causes red blood cells to sickle. Heterozygous individuals (HbAHbS) produce both normal and "sickle" hemoglobin so the HbA and HbS alleles are codominant. Heterozygotes do not develop sickle cell anemia and are described as having the sickle cell trait. Individuals that are homozygous for the sickle allele (HbSHbS) only produce "sickle" hemoglobin and develop sickle cell disease.A man who is homozygous for the normal allele married a woman with the sickle cell trait. What is the expected probability of this couple having a boy with the sickle cell trait? Record your answer as a value between 0 and 1 rounded to two decimal places.Answer
Sickle cell anemia is a disease that is caused by a mutation in the gene that produces hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in red blood cells. The HbA allele produces normal hemoglobin and the HbS allele produces hemoglobin that sticks together and causes red blood cells to sickle. Heterozygous individuals (HbAHbS) produce both normal and "sickle" hemoglobin so the HbA and HbS alleles are codominant. Heterozygotes do not develop sickle cell anemia and are described as having the sickle cell trait. Individuals that are homozygous for the sickle allele (HbSHbS) only produce "sickle" hemoglobin and develop sickle cell disease. A man with the sickle cell trait married a woman with the sickle cell trait. Determine the probability that they will have children with the sickle cell trait or sickle cell disease.Record your answer as a value between 0 and 1 rounded to two decimal places. Answer
Alpha thalassemia is a hereditary blood condition that results in varying levels of anemia. It is tied to the HB alpha 1 gene and the HB alpha 2 gene on human chromosome 16. The diagram shows the proteins for the hemoglobin genes and the pedigree shows genotypes, designated by the letter X, on the chromosomes for a family affected by the condition. Which represents the predicted level of anemia in a child born to the mother and father in the image with a mutation that results in a genotype of xxxx? Why? A - mild anemia because the loss of 4 genes would equal the loss of the 4 proteins needed for normal alpha hemoglobin B - severe anemia because the loss of 4 genes would equal the loss of the 4 proteins needed for normal alpha hemoglobin C - mild anemia because the addition of 4 genes would produce too many of the proteins needed for normal alpha hemoglobin D - severe anemia because the addition of 4 genes would produce too many of the proteins needed for normal alpha hemoglobin
Porphyria is a genetic disorder caused by the inability to properly metabolize a component of hemoglobin. King George III is suspected to have been afflicted with this disorder. Assume that both George and his Queen suffered from this disorder and they had one afflicted child and one normal child. Is porphyria inherited in a dominant or recessive fashion? What must be the genotype of both George and his Queen? Using punnett square, show ALL work used to achieve your answer.
Hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes the body to absorb too much iron from the diet. This excess iron is stored in the body's tissues and organs, particularly the skin, heart, liver, pancreas, and joints. Because humans cannot increase the excretion of iron, excess iron can overload and eventually damage tissues and organs. Some individuals who are homozygous for this autosomal recessive gene experience only skin discoloration and joint pain, others experience heart disease in addition to the skin discoloration, still other individuals suffer also suffer from diabetes, severe heart disease, and liver damage. Name and define this genetic phenomenon and explain how it relates to this specific genetic situation described above.
Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. Because individuals affected bysickle cell anemia have defective hemoglobin proteins, their blood cannot transport oxygenproperly. There appears to be a relationship between the incidence of malaria and sickle cellanemia. Individuals with sickle cell anemia and carriers of the sickle cell allele have someresistance to malaria. Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium and is transmitted amonghumans by mosquitoes.4. If scientists are successful in reducing significantly or eliminating malaria, the best predictionfor what will happen to the allele for sickle cell anemia in the population is that it willa. not be affected by the elimination of malariab. increase as its selective advantage is increasedc. be reduced as its selective advantage is decreasedd. disappear quickly as its selective advantage is increased