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Explain how the different “-omics” involved with the three major parts of the central dogma can be used to study this new species. What are molecular techniques/tools (sequencers) that can be used to study each of these? How would you sequence the genome efficiently (i.e., lowest amount of time and money)?
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- What are some of the technical challenges of cloning a mammoth? Check all that are true Ancient mammoth DNA has degraded so it is hard to know the complete genome sequence Mammoth gestation time is likely too short to allowing cloning A living surrogate mother would have to be used, which could pose problems since the closest relative to mammoths is endangered elephants A living oocyte would have to be obtained from an extant species, which could pose problems since the closest relative to mammoths is endangered elephants Mammoths lived so long ago that they used a different genetic code than modern animals There are no enzymes in existence that could ligate together mammoth DNA sequence with elephant sequence Mammoths probably had egg shells, which would be hard to penetrate with a needleWhat is the difference between the core genome and pan genome? Why might your infer if you compare two genera one is in which the size of the core genome and pan genome are very similar and one is which the core genom is must smaller than the pan genome?James Noonan and his colleagues (J. Noonan et al. 2005. Science 309:597–599) set out to study the genome sequence of an extinct species of cave bear. They extracted DNA from 40,000-year-old bones from a cave bear and used a metagenomic approach to isolate, identify, and sequence the cave-bear DNA. Why did they use a metagenomic approach when their objective was to sequence the genome of one species (the cave bear)?
- Bioinformatics is the science of using computational methods (specialized software) to decipher the biological meaning of information contained within organismal system. Comparisons of experimental data involving DNA sequences generated by different laboratories are critically dependent on the use of a universally agreed-upon standard of analysis. Which of the following is universally used as the agreed-upon standard of analysis for these comparisons? Group of answer choices A GenBank database. A species reference sequence (RefSeq) system. A genomic library collection. A ChIP/chip analysis system.If you had the ability to do gene editing with ONE gene for the betterment of human kind, which one would you choose, and why? Assume you could either change an abnormal allele associated with a disease, such as the cystin gene associated with Cystic Fibrosis to its normal wild type, or add a pre-existing human allele to a genome.Given our knowledge of genome sizes in different organisms, would you predict that Homo sapiens or the two-toed salamander (Amphiuma means) has the larger genome?
- Describe the three basic goals of the Human Genome Project. What are at least three things we have learned from the project? Do you believe it was a worthwhile project? Why or why not?"Whole-Genome Sequencing Is Widely Used for Sequencing and Assembling Entire Genomes". Explain this ?The Human Genome Project has demonstrated that in humans of all races and nationalities approximately 99.9 percent of the sequence is the same, yet different individuals can be identified by DNA fingerprinting techniques. What is one primary variation in the human genome that can be used to distinguish different individuals? Briefly explain your answer.
- list and explain two strategic between the shotgun sequences/ assemble strategy for whole genome sequencing and our approach to s cerevisiae genomicsWhat is the difference between the core genome and pan-genome? What might you infer if you compare two genera, one in which the size of the core genome and pan-genome are very similar, and one in which the core genome is much smaller than the pan-genome?If you have access to the necessary computer software, make asequence file and analyze it in the following ways: What is thetranslated sequence in all three reading frames? What is the longest open reading frame? Is the sequence homologous to any known sequences? If so, does this provide any clues about the function of the sequence?