Table 10.1 The Specific Heat Capacities of Some Common Substances Specific Heat Capacity (J/g °C) Substance water (/)* (liquid) 4.184 water (s) (ice) 2.03 water (g) (steam) 2.0 aluminum (s) 0.89 iron (s) 0.45 mercury (/) 0.14 carbon (s) 0.71 silver (s) 0.24 gold (s) 0.13 *The symbols (s), (I), and (g) indicate the solid, liquid, and gaseous states, respectively. How many joules of energy would be needed to raise the temperature of 111.6 g of silver by 81 degrees Celsius? Assume that the silver does not change state. Answer:

Table 10.1 The Specific Heat Capacities of Some Common Substances Specific Heat Capacity (J/g °C) Substance water (/)* (liquid) 4.184 water (s) (ice) 2.03 water (g) (steam) 2.0 aluminum (s) 0.89 iron (s) 0.45 mercury (/) 0.14 carbon (s) 0.71 silver (s) 0.24 gold (s) 0.13 *The symbols (s), (I), and (g) indicate the solid, liquid, and gaseous states, respectively. How many joules of energy would be needed to raise the temperature of 111.6 g of silver by 81 degrees Celsius? Assume that the silver does not change state. Answer:

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter13: Spontaneous Processes And Thermodynamic Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 32P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Why is it usually easier to use G to determine the spontaneity of a process rather than Su ?
A wad of steel wool (specific heat=0.45J/gC) at 25C is misplaced in a microwave oven, which later is accidentally turned on high. The oven generates microwaves of 13.5 cm wavelength at the rate of 925 moles of those photons per second. All of the photons are converted to high-heat energy, raising the temperature of the steel wool. Steel wool reacts explosively with the oxygen in the oven when the steel wool reaches 400.0C. If the steel wool explodes after 1.55 seconds, how many grams of steel wool were accidentally put into the oven?
9.47 If 14.8 kJ of heat is given off when 1.6 g of HCl condenses from vapor to liquid, what is Hcond for this substance?
Hesss law is really just another statement of the first law of thermodynamics. Explain.
In earlier times, ethyl ether was commonly used as an anesthetic. It is, however, highly flammable. When five milliliters of ethyl ether, C4H10O(l)(d=0.714g/mL), are burned in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature rises from 23.5C to 39.7C. The calorimeter contains 1.200 kg of water and has a heat capacity of 5.32 kJ/C. (a) What is qH2o? (b) What is qcal? (c) What is q for the combustion of 5.00 mL of ethyl ether? (d) What is q for the combustion of one mole of ethyl ether?
The enthalpy of vaporization for water is 40.65 kJ mol-1. As a design engineer for a project in a desert climate, you are exploring the option of using evaporative cooling. (a) If the air has an average volumetric heat capacity of 0.00130 J cm-3 K-1, what is the minimum mass of water that would need to evaporate in order to cool a 5 m? 5 m room with a 3 m ceiling by 5°F using this method? (b) Is this a spontaneous or nonspontaneous process?
When 1.0 g of fructose, C6H12O6(s), a sugar commonly found in fruits, is burned in oxygen in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature of the calorimeter increases by 1.58 C. If the heat capacity of the calorimeter and its contents is 9.90 kJ/C, what is q for this combustion?
9.100 Two baking sheets are made of different metals. You purchase both and bake a dozen cookies on each sheet at the same time in your oven. You observe that after 9 minutes, the cookies on one sheet are slightly burned on the bottom, whereas those on the other sheet are fine. (You are curious and you vary the conditions so you know the result is not caused by the oven.) (a) How can you use this observation to infer something about the specific heat of the materials in the baking sheets? (b) What is themathematical reasoning (equation) that you need to support your conclusion?
10.101 Fluorine reacts with liquid water to form gaseous hydrogen fluoride and oxygen. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. (b) Use tabulated data to determine the free energy change for the reaction and comment on its spontaneity. (c) Use tabulated data to calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction. (d) Determine how much heat flows and in what direction when 34.5 g of fluorine gas is bubbled through excess water.
Would the amount of heat absorbed by the dissolution in Example 5.6 appear greater, lesser, or remain the same if the heat capacity of the calorimeter were taken into account? Explain your answer.
In 2010, 3.30109 gallons of gasoline were consumed in the United States. The following assumptions can be made: â€¢ Gasoline is mainly n-octane, C8H18(d=0.7028g/mL). â€¢ Burning one mole of n-octane in oxygen releases 5564.2 kJ of heat. â€¢ The heat capacity C of the surface region of the earth is 2.61023 J/K. What is the increase in temperature of the surface region of the earth due to gasoline consumption in the United States?
9.54 The phase change between graphite and diamond is difficult to observe directly. Both substances can be hurned, however. From these equations, calculate H for the conversion of diamond into graphite. C(s,graphite)+O2(g)CO2(g) H= -393.51 kJ C(s,diamond)+O2(g)CO2(g) H= -395.94 kJ