Complete the following description of the mechanism of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by using words provided. Not all words will be used. Each word will be used only one time. 5 Three enzymes of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex work together to catalyze the production of Acetyl CoA from Pyruvate. First, a 2-carbon unit composed of Carbons # Pyruvate are added to the co-enzyme and whereas Carbon # of leaves as CO» The C-2 unit together with the co-enzyme is called transferred to the 2nd co-enzyme 11 12 The C-2 unit is then which is initially in its state. The enzyme that catalyzes this step is From here, the C-2 unit is transferred to form a linkage with CoA-SH to generate Acetyl COA Oxidized Hydroxyethyl TPP Phosphodiester Reduced Hydroxypropiony! TPP Lipoamide E-1 NADH 3 Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase Thioester 2 HydroxyacetyITPp Dihydropipoyl Transacetylase Type the words in the correct order separated by commas. Example: 1, 3, E-1, Thioester, Lipoamide

Complete the following description of the mechanism of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by using words provided. Not all words will be used. Each word will be used only one time. 5 Three enzymes of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex work together to catalyze the production of Acetyl CoA from Pyruvate. First, a 2-carbon unit composed of Carbons # Pyruvate are added to the co-enzyme and whereas Carbon # of leaves as CO» The C-2 unit together with the co-enzyme is called transferred to the 2nd co-enzyme 11 12 The C-2 unit is then which is initially in its state. The enzyme that catalyzes this step is From here, the C-2 unit is transferred to form a linkage with CoA-SH to generate Acetyl COA Oxidized Hydroxyethyl TPP Phosphodiester Reduced Hydroxypropiony! TPP Lipoamide E-1 NADH 3 Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase Thioester 2 HydroxyacetyITPp Dihydropipoyl Transacetylase Type the words in the correct order separated by commas. Example: 1, 3, E-1, Thioester, Lipoamide

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter19: The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 22P: Study Figure 19.18 and decide which of the following statements is false. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is...

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Complete the following description of the mechanism of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by using words provided. Not all words will be used. Each word will be used only one time. Three enzymes of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex work together to catalyze the production of Acetyl CoA from Pyruvate. First, a 2-carbon unit composed of Carbons # ____ and ____ of Pyruvate are added to the co-enzyme ______ and whereas Carbon # ______ leaves as CO. The C-2 unit together with the co-enzyme is called ______ .The C-2 unit is then transferred to the 2nd co-enzyme ____, which is initially in it ___ state. The enzyme that catalyzes this step is ______.From here, the C-2 unit is transferred to form a _____ linkage with CoA-SH to generate_____
Which one of the five steps of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction is most likely to be metabolically irreversible? Explain.
Identify the Krebs cycle enzyme that consumes a 3-carbon substrate molecule, producing a 2- carbon product molecule (attached to acetyl-CoA), along with NADH, and one molecule of CO2. succinyl CoA synthetase a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase pyruvate dehydrogenase isocitrate dehydrogenase malate dehydrogenase
Indicate what will happen ( increase, decrease or no effect) tothe activity of the enzyme or rate of the metabolic pathway in the given conditions a. release of glucagon in the blood to the activity of carnitine acyl transferase 1 b. high malonyl CoA to the activity of carnitine acyl transferase I C. Epinephrine to the activity og glycogen synthase d. high citrate to the activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase e. high acetyl CoA to ketogenesis
The “bridge reaction”, using pyruvate dehydrogenase, is highly exergonic and is essentially irreversible. Name the 3 outcomes (name any activated carriers produced, name the molecule that is produced from losing one carbon atom from pyruvate, and name any modification to the remaining two carbon compound of interest ) of the separate enzyme activities found within the large dehydrogenase complex.
Which of the following is NOT a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex? a. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase b. dihydrolipoyl transacetylase c. pyruvate dehydrogenase d. dihydrolipoyl catalase
Briefly describe the dual role of lipoic acid in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Describe the role played by each enzyme, cofactor, andcoenzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Which of the following is true about comparing the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex? Group of answer choices They catalyze reactions that produce the exact same set of products They are both dehydrogenase complexes, but have very different structures They both catalyze reactions that oxidize NADH to NAD+ They both use the same E3 enzyme component Which of the following best describes stage 2 of the citric acid cycle? Group of answer choices ATP production by the electron transport chain production of acetyl CoA regeneration of oxaloacetate release of 2 carbons as carbon dioxide
One of the consequences of ethanol addiction is fattyliver disease, an illness in which liver cells accumulatetriacylglycerols, the esters derived from glycerol and fattyacids. Ethanol is oxidized in the cytoplasm of liver cells byalcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase to yieldacetate and 2 NADH. Acetate is then transported into themitochondrion, where it is converted to acetyl-CoA andmetabolized by the citric acid cycle. When alcohol is consumed in excessive quantities, the resulting high levels ofNADH cause metabolic abnormalities, one of which is highlevels of fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acid synthesis, also acytoplasmic process, uses acetyl-CoA as a substrate andNADPH as a reducing agent. Determine how a high level ofcytoplasmic NADH provides a source of NADPH for fattyacid synthesis.
Briefly describe the biological rationale for each of the following allosteric phenomena: (a) activation of pyruvate carboxylase by acetyl-CoA; (b) activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase by NADH; (c) inhibition of isocitrate dehydrogenase by NADH; (d) activation of isocitrate dehydrogenase by ADP; (e) inhibition of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase by succinyl-CoA; (f) activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase by Ca2 +.
Briefly describe the role and location of each cofactor/coenzyme involved in the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction.