Complete the following table by selecting the appropriate definition i a public good rms. Term a club good Nonexcludable a common resource Rival a private good If a good is both nonexcludable and rival in consumption, then it is
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Q: negative externality
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- The market inverse supply curve for amoxicillin, an antibiotic with lots of generics, isrepresented by the equation P = 3 + 0.0006QS. The market demand curve is represented byQD = 187,500 − 625P.It is well known that antibiotic use generates negative externalities. How might thegovernment restrict the use of antibiotics? Show this on a demand-supply graph. Thendiscuss a potential unintended consequence of the government’s intervention.Which one of the following is a definition of a merit good? A) Services which can only be provided by the government through taxesB) Goods which provide cear social and private benefits to consumersC) A good which can be produced by the market but would likely be under-consumedD) Goods which are beneficial in consumption but consumers are unaware of the extent of the benefitsE) Goods which are not capable of being provided by the market because they are excludable and rival Merit goods are an example of which of the following problems in economics:A) Free riderB) Principal-agentC) Tragedy of the CommonsD) Intertemporal choiceE) Excludable, non-rival goods provision De-merit goods have characteristics that if left the market mechanism, they are over consumed and impose private costs on the individual consume them, and also have wider social costs. Which of the following ways in which a government might seek to reduce consumption of of merit costs? Check all the apply A) Impose…Suppose that flu shots create a positive externality equal to $10 per shot. Further suppose that the government offers a $7-per-shot subsidy to producers. What is the relationship between the equilibrium quantity and the socially optimal quantity of flu shots produced? Group of answer choices They are equal. The equilibrium quantity is greater than the socially optimal quantity. The equilibrium quantity is less than the socially optimal quantity. There is not enough information to answer the question.
- Consider placing a tax on a good that has a positive benefit externality of MEB=3 where MSC=2Q and MPB = 21-Q. a. Compare the equilibrium outputs with (i) no tax, (ii) with a Tax of $3, and (iii) at the social optimu. b. In this case, what happens to DWL when a tax is added? Show and explain your reasoning.. Some dissenting scientists at Environment Canada disagree with the estimate of $1.50 for theenvironmental externality. They believe that the incidence of the externality is not constant acrossdifferent levels of production; instead the size of the externality is proportional to the level of output.That is, the larger is the output, the larger is the externality. Their research suggests that the truesocial cost of cereal production diverges from private costs at every level of production by an amountequal to ten percent of production (note: ten percent, not ten percentage points).The government would like to know the economic effects of implementing a tax to internalise theexternality in this case. Draw the diagram for this market and policy. Solve for all relevant Ps and Qs.Calculate producer surplusAssume that radio broadcasts are nonrival and nonexcludable. Two people, Artie and Bill, listen to the same radio station during their commute. Each person values the radio station at $3$3 per day. Both Artie and Bill loathe listening to advertisements. Listening to advertisements makes Artie and Bill each worse off by $1.50$1.50 per day. The radio station needs $2$2 per day to continue operating, which it currently earns from advertisers ($2$2 per day is exactly what the airtime is worth to the advertisers). The radio station is considering asking for donations from Artie and Bill and getting rid of the advertising. Artie and Bill can choose to donate to prevent advertisements or not. If only one chooses to donate, he must donate the whole $2$2 to get rid of the ads. If both choose to donate, each pays $1.$1. Assume that both Artie and Bill are each trying to gain the most net benefit possible, and that they do not cooperate with each other. What is the socially efficient way to…
- A common resource is both excludable, non-rival excludable, rival Onon-excludable, non-rival non-excludable, rival andDefine externalities. If there is a negative externality at alocal, please propose on how to solve this problem.In 2006, the Australian Government incorporated research into corporate social responsibilities to determineif there is a need to include social and environmental responsibilities within the Corporation Act throughamendment procedure. It was decided not to incorporate a particular regulation through legislation, insteadrely upon the 'market forces' to encourage companies to do the 'right thing'. This viewpoint was expressedthat if companies did not look after the environment or did not act in a socially responsible manner, peoplewould not want to consume the organisations' products. From the equity market perspective, potentialinvestors would not want to invest in the organisations, and further workers wouldn't want to work for them,and so forth. Because companies were aware of such market forces, they would do the 'right thing' even inthe absence of legislation.Requirement:1) Using theories such as Public Interest Theory, Capture Theory and Economic Interest Group Theoryto critically…
- two types of consumers( workers an retirees) share a community with a polluting cheese factory. the polution is nonrival and nonexcludable. the total damage to workers is p2 where p is the amount of pollution and the total damage to retirees is 3p2 . thus marginal damage to workers is 2p and marginal damage to retirees is 6p. according to an anlaysis by consulting engineers, the cheese factory saves 20p-p2 by pollluting p, for a marginal savings of 20-2p. a.Find the aggregate(including both types of sonsumers) marginal damage for the public bad. b..graph the marginal savings and aggregate marginal damage curves with pollution on the horizontal axis. c. how much will the cheese factory pollute in the abscence of any regulation or bargaining? what is the societys optimal level of pollution? d. starting from the uncontrolled level of pollution calculated in part(c), find the marginal willingness to pay for pollution abatment, A, for each consumer class. (abatment is the reduction in…If a) the government uses a tradable permits program for pollution emissions, b) polluting firms are heterogeneous in terms of their marginal abatement costs (MACs), and c) each firm is initially allocated an equal amount of permits, it must be the case that: Select one: a. Firms with higher marginal abatement costs will pay firms with lower marginal abatement costs to abate more. b. Firms with lower marginal abatement costs will end up with more permits than firms with higher marginal abatement costs after trading. c. All firms will end up abating the same amount of emissions. d. All of the above are true. e. All of the above are false.Externalities are a form of market failure. Identify two externalities related to Covid-19, one positive and one negative. Graph and explain how each externality affects the optimal amount of the good that is generating the externality.