Consider a diploid cell that contains three pairs of chromosomes designated AA, BB, and CC. Each pair includes a maternal and a paternal member (e.g., Am and AP.) Part A During 1? Select • Viey
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A: Mitosis and meiosis are the two types of cell divisions.
Q: Diagram
A: Answer: Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other…
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A: Answer is b.) 18.
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A: Introduction
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A: ANSWERS; genetic material. development. diploid and haploid. independently of each other. one set.
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Oogenesis
The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase.
Cell Division
Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons:
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- During meiosis I, assuming no crossing over, what chromatid combination(s) will be present at the completion of prophase? Draw all possible alignments of chromatids as migration begins during early anaphase.Somatic cells in organisms of a particular diploidplant species normally have 14 chromosomes. Thechromosomes in the gametes are numbered from 1through 7. Rarely, zygotes are formed that containmore or fewer than 14 chromosomes. For each of thezygotes below, (i) state whether the chromosomecomplement is euploid or aneuploid; (ii) provideterms that describe the individual’s genetic makeupas accurately as possible; and (iii) state whether ornot the individual will likely develop through theembryonic stages to make an adult plant, and if so,whether or not this plant will be fertile.a. 11 22 33 44 5 66 77b. 111 22 33 44 555 66 77c. 111 222 333 444 555 666 777d. 1111 2222 3333 4444 5555 6666 7777In experiment of Following chromosomal DNA movement through meiosis, what is the trial 1 and trial 2 meiotic division beads diagram for prophase l, metaphase l, anapahse l, telophase l, prophase ll, metaphase ll, anaphase ll, telophase ll, and cytokinesis?
- Meiotic nondisjunction usually occurs during meiosis I. What isnot separating properly: bivalents or sister chromatids? What is notseparating properly during mitotic nondisjunction?Two chromosomes have the ff. order of genes: Normal A B centromere C D E F G H I Abnormal a b centromere g f e d c h i a. Does the abnormal chromosome have a pericentric or paracentric inversion? Why? b. Draw a sketch to show how these two chromosomes (duplicated) would pair during synapsis. Assume a CO will occur between genes E and F. What gametes are ultimately formed at the end of telophase II and describe.Consider a diploid organism in which the somatic cell chromosome number is 42. Assume cytokinesis to occur in mid telophase. A. How many chromosomes at the close of telophase of mitosis? B. How many chromosomes are expected at metaphase II of meiosis?
- For each of the following types of chromosomalaberrations, tell: (i) whether the chromosomes of anorganism heterozygous for the aberration will formany type of loop during prophase I of meiosis;(ii) whether a chromosomal bridge can be formedduring anaphase I in a heterozygote, and if so, underwhat conditions; (iii) whether an acentric fragmentcan be formed during anaphase I in a heterozygote,and if so, under what conditions; (iv) whether theaberration can suppress meiotic recombination; and(v) whether the two chromosomal breaks responsible for the aberration occur on the same side or on opposite sides of a single centromere, or if the two breaksoccur on different chromosomes.a. Reciprocal translocationb. Paracentric inversionc. Small tandem duplicationd. Robertsonian translocatione. Pericentric inversionf. Large deletionIn humans, the diploid chromosome number is 46 (2N = 46). For each of the meiotic stages listedbelow, supply the correct number of chromosomes. -Meiotic Stage Chromatids at Prophase ICentromeres at Prophase IITetrads at Prophase I (pachytene)Chromatids at Telophase IlChromosomes at Metaphase IIDyads at Anaphase IMeiotic nondisjunction is much more likely than mitotic nondisjunction.Based on this observation, would you conclude that meioticnondisjunction is usually due to nondisjunction during meiosisI or meiosis II? Explain your reasoning?
- Draw the chromosomes of a cell with genotype AaBBCc in prophase I of meiosis before synapsis and crossing over. Cell detais: 2n=4 and the A and B loci or on one homologous pair and the C locus is on a different homologous pair.Consider the following two meiocytes in metaphase I, with crossover positions as indicated for cell A. Solid black lines indicate spindle microtubules. Assume blue chromosomes represents paternal chromosomes and green maternal chromosomes. i) How many chromosomes and chromatids were present in cell A during the G1 phase? Please clearly specify chromosomes and chromatids in your answer. ii) For cell A, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may ignore independent assortment.iii) For cell B, list all the gametes that will be produced from this cell given crossing over. Give the alleles of each gamete contained within a set of brackets. You may assume that no crossing over would take place.When does crossing over usually occur, and what is the endresult?a. It occurs during prophase of meiosis I, and the end result isthe exchange of pieces between homologouschromosomes.b. It occurs during prometaphase of meiosis I, and the endresult is the exchange of pieces between homologouschromosomes.c. It occurs during prophase of meiosis I, and the end result isthe separation of sister chromatids.d. It occurs during prometaphase of meiosis I, and the endresult is the separation of sister chromatids.