Consider a power transistor encapsulated in an aluminum case that is attached at its base to a square aluminum plate of thermal conductivity k= 240W/m.K, thickness L= 6mm, and width W= 20mm. The case is joined to the plate by screws that maintain a contact pressure of 1 bar, and the back surface of the plate transfers heat by natural convection and radiation to ambient air and large surroundings at T∞ =Tsur -25°C. The surface has an emissivity of ε=0.9, and the convection coefficient is h=4 W/m².K. The case is completely enclosed such that heat transfer may be assumed to occur exclusively through the base plate. a) If the air-filled aluminum-to-aluminum interface is characterized by an area of A₁=2×10-4 m² and contact resistance of R+c= 1.375 K/W, what is the maximum allowable power dissipation if the surface temperature of the case, Ts,c, is not to exceed 85°C? S,C' Transistor case Ts. Pelec S,C' Enclosure W Isur Base plate, (k,ε) Interface, Ac Air Th 801 b) How much should the h be to enhance power dissipation to 1 Watt?

Consider a power transistor encapsulated in an aluminum case that is attached at its base to a square aluminum plate of thermal conductivity k= 240W/m.K, thickness L= 6mm, and width W= 20mm. The case is joined to the plate by screws that maintain a contact pressure of 1 bar, and the back surface of the plate transfers heat by natural convection and radiation to ambient air and large surroundings at T∞ =Tsur -25°C. The surface has an emissivity of ε=0.9, and the convection coefficient is h=4 W/m².K. The case is completely enclosed such that heat transfer may be assumed to occur exclusively through the base plate. a) If the air-filled aluminum-to-aluminum interface is characterized by an area of A₁=2×10-4 m² and contact resistance of R+c= 1.375 K/W, what is the maximum allowable power dissipation if the surface temperature of the case, Ts,c, is not to exceed 85°C? S,C' Transistor case Ts. Pelec S,C' Enclosure W Isur Base plate, (k,ε) Interface, Ac Air Th 801 b) How much should the h be to enhance power dissipation to 1 Watt?

Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning with these NEW titles from Engineering!)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305387102

Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.

Publisher:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.

Chapter2: Steady Heat Conduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2.3P: 2.3 The shield of a nuclear reactor is idealized by a large 25-cm-thick flat plate having a thermal...

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1.1 On a cold winter day, the outer surface of a 0.2-m-thick concrete wall of a warehouse is exposed to temperature of –5°C, while the inner surface is kept at 20°C. The thermal conductivity of the concrete is 1.2 W/m K. Determine the heat loss through the wall, which is 10-m long and 3-m high. Problem 1.1
3.10 A spherical shell satellite (3-m-OD, 1.25-cm-thick stainless steel walls) re-enters the atmosphere from outer space. If its original temperature is 38°C, the effective average temperature of the atmosphere is 1093°C, and the effective heat transfer coefficient is , estimate the temperature of the shell after reentry, assuming the time of reentry is 10 min and the interior of the shell is evacuated.
2.9 In a large chemical factory, hot gases at 2273 K are cooled by a liquid at 373 K with gas-side and liquid-side convection heat transfer coefficients of 50 and , respectively. The wall that separates the gas and liquid streams is composed of a 2-cm thick oxide layer on the gas side and a 4-cm thick slab of stainless steel on the liquid side. There is a contact resistance between the oxide layer and the steel of . Determine the rate of heat loss from hot gases through the composite wall to the liquid.
2.42 A circumferential fin of rectangular cross section, 3.7-cm OD and 0.3 cm thick, surrounds a 2.5-cm- diameter tube as shown below. The fin is constructed of mild steel. Air blowing over the fin produces a heat transfer coefficient of K. If the temperatures of the base of the fin and the air are and , respectively, calculate the heat transfer rate from the fin.
1.4 To measure thermal conductivity, two similar 1-cm-thick specimens are placed in the apparatus shown in the accompanying sketch. Electric current is supplied to the guard heater, and a wattmeter shows that the power dissipation is 10 W. Thermocouples attached to the warmer and to the cooler surfaces show temperatures of 322 and 300 K, respectively. Calculate the thermal conductivity of the material at the mean temperature in W/m K. Problem 1.4
An electronic device that internally generates 600 mW of heat has a maximum permissible operating temperature of 70C. It is to be cooled in 25C air by attaching aluminum fins with a total surface area of 12cm2. The convection heat transfer coefficient between the fins and the air is 20W/m2K. Estimate the operating temperature when the fins are attached in such a way that (a) there is a contact resistance of approximately 50 K/W between the surface of the device and the fin array and (b) there is no contact resistance (in this case, the construction of the device is more expensive). Comment on the design options.
The handle of a ladle used for pouring molten lead is 30 cm long. Originally the handle was made of 1.9cm1.25cm mild steel bar stock. To reduce the grip temperature, it is proposed to form the handle of tubing 0.15 cm thick to the same rectangular shape. If the average heat transfer coefficient over the handle surface is 14 W/m K, estimate the reduction of the temperature at the grip in air at 21C.
The heat transfer coefficient for a gas flowing over a thin float plate 3-m long and 0.3-m wide varies with distance from the leading edge according to hc(x)=10x1/4Wm2K If the plate temperature is 170C and the gas temperature is 30C, calculate (a) the average heat transfer coefficient, (b) the rate of heat transfer between the plate and the gas, and (c) the local heat flux 2 m from the leading edge. Problem 1.18
3.16 A large, 2.54-cm.-thick copper plate is placed between two air streams. The heat transfer coefficient on one side is and on the other side is . If the temperature of both streams is suddenly changed from 38°C to 93°C, determine how long it takes for the copper plate to reach a temperature of 82°C.
Determine the rate of heat transfer per meter length from a 5-cm-OD pipe at 150C placed eccentrically within a larger cylinder of 85 magnesia wool as shown in the sketch. The outside diameter of the larger cylinder is 15 cm and the surface temperature is 50C.
One end of a 0.3-m-long steel rod is connected to a wall at 204C. The other end is connected to a wall that is maintained at 93C. Air is blown across the rod so that a heat transfer coefficient of 17W/m2 K is maintained over the entire surface. If the diameter of the rod is 5 cm and the temperature of the air is 38C, what is the net rate of heat loss to the air?
2.3 The shield of a nuclear reactor is idealized by a large 25-cm-thick flat plate having a thermal conductivity of . Radiation from the interior of the reactor penetrates the shield and there produces heat generation that decreases exponentially from a value of at the inner surface to a value of at a distance of 12.5 cm from the interior surface. If the exterior surface is kept at 38°C by forced convection, determine the temperature at the inner surface of the field. Hint: First set up the differential equation for a system in which the heat generation rate varies according to .