Consider a simple economy that produces two goods: pens and muffins. The following table shows the prices and quantities of the goods over a three-year period. Year Pens Muffins Price Quantity Price Quantity (Dollars per pen) (Number of pens) (Dollars per muffin) (Number of muffins) 2016 1 150 2 160 2017 2 135 4 230 2018 3 110 4 165

Principles of Economics, 7th Edition (MindTap Course List)
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Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
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Chapter23: Measuring A Nation's Income
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Consider a simple economy that produces two goods: pens and muffins. The following table shows the prices and quantities of the goods over a three-year period.
Year
Pens
Muffins
Price
Quantity
Price
Quantity
(Dollars per pen)
(Number of pens)
(Dollars per muffin)
(Number of muffins)
2016 1 150 2 160
2017 2 135 4 230
2018 3 110 4 165
 
Use the information from the preceding table to fill in the following table.
Year
Nominal GDP
Real GDP
GDP Deflator
(Dollars)
(Base year 2016, dollars)
2016
 
 
 
2017
 
 
 
2018
 
 
 
 
From 2017 to 2018, nominal GDP    , and real GDP    .
 
The inflation rate in 2018 was    .
 
Why is real GDP a more accurate measure of an economy's production than nominal GDP?
Real GDP measures the value of the goods and services an economy produces, but nominal GDP measures the value of the goods and services an economy consumes.
 
Real GDP is not influenced by price changes, but nominal GDP is.
 
Nominal GDP is adjusted for the effects of inflation or deflation, whereas real GDP is not.
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