Consider a system of electron spins S = 1/2 and g = 2 in a magnetic field of 1 T. Find the temperature at which the magnetization of the system reaches 90% of the saturation value. Repeat the calculation for solid helium-3 nuclear spins for which I = 1/2 and μ = 2.2 nuclear magnetons.

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Rutherford's scattering experiment

Rutherford’s scattering experiment is also known as the gold foil experiment. This experiment disproved the plum pudding model of J.J. Thomson. In a gold foil experiment, high-energy alpha particles are made to strike a thin gold foil. The scattered alpha particles are detected using a detector. This experiment showed that the positive charge of the atom is at the center. Most of the atom’s mass is also confined to a small volume at the center. This region is known as the nucleus of the atom.