Consider sorting n numbers stored in array A by first finding the smallest element of A and exchanging it with the element in A[1]. Then find the second smallest element of A, and exchange it with A[2]. Continue in this manner for the first n -1 elements of A. write pseudocode for this algorithm , which is known as selection sort. What loop invariant does this algorithm maintain? Why does it need to run for only the first n – 1 elements, rather than for all n elements? Give the best-case and worst-case running times of selection sort in Θ-notation.

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Merge sort

Merge Sort recursively sorts a given collection of numbers or elements by using the divide and conquer strategy in less time. It is one of the most used algorithms, with the worst-case time complexity of O (n log n). It was invented by John Von Neumann. The algorithm continuously divides an array into sub-arrays until each sub-array consists of a single element. It then merges those sub-arrays to produce a sorted array.