Consider two portfolios A and B. At the expiration date, t, both portfolios have identical payoffs. Portfolio A consists of a put option and one share of stock. Portfolio B has a call option (with the same strike price and expiration date as the put option) and cash in the amount equal to the present value (PV) of the strike price discounted at the continuously compounded risk-free rate, which is Xe−rRFtXe−rRFt. At expiration, the stock price is Ptt, and the value of this cash will equal the strike price, X. As defined in the Black–Scholes model, let N(didi) stand for probability that a deviation less than didi will occur in a standard normal distribution and N(d₁) and N(d₂) represent areas under a standard normal distribution function.  Complete the equation for the value of a put option.

EBK CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
14th Edition
ISBN:9781337514835
Author:MOYER
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Chapter8: Analysis Of Risk And Return
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Consider two portfolios A and B. At the expiration date, t, both portfolios have identical payoffs. Portfolio A consists of a put option and one share of stock. Portfolio B has a call option (with the same strike price and expiration date as the put option) and cash in the amount equal to the present value (PV) of the strike price discounted at the continuously compounded risk-free rate, which is Xe−rRFtXe−rRFt. At expiration, the stock price is Ptt, and the value of this cash will equal the strike price, X.
As defined in the Black–Scholes model, let N(didi) stand for probability that a deviation less than didi will occur in a standard normal distribution and N(d₁) and N(d₂) represent areas under a standard normal distribution function.
 Complete the equation for the value of a put option.
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