CONSTRUCT MODIFIED BOXPLOT To understand better the effects of exercise and aging on various circulatory functions, the article “Cardiac Output in Male Middle-Aged Runners" (Journal of Sports Medicine [1982]: 17–22) presented data from a study of 21 middle-aged male runners. The following data set gives values of oxygen capacity values (in milliliters per ! gram per minute) while the participants pedaled at a speci- fied rate on a bicycle ergometer: kilo- 12.81 14.95 15.83 15.97 17.90 18.27 18.34 19.82 19.94 20.62 20.88 20.93 20.98 20.99 21.15 22.16 22.24 23.16 23.56 35.78 36.73 a. Compute the median and the quartiles for this data set. b. What is the value of the interquartile range? Are there outliers in this data set? c. Draw a modified boxplot, and comment on the interest- ing features of the plot.
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- A researcher hypothesizes that electrical stimulation of the lateral habenula will result in a decrease in food intake (in this case, chocolate chips) in rats. Rats undergo stereotaxic surgery and an electrode is implanted in the right lateral habenula. Following a ten day recovery period, rats (kept at 80 percent body weight) are tested for the number of chocolate chips consumed during a 10 minute period of time both with and without electrical stimulation. The testing conditions are counter balanced. Compute the appropriate t-test for the data provided below. Stimulation No Stimulation 12 8 7 7 3 4 11 14 8 6 5 7 14 12 7 5 9 5 10 8 a) What would be the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis in this study? b) What is your tcrit? c) Is there a significant difference between the two groups? d) Interpret your answer. e) Write out your t-value in APA format. *ANSWER ALL PARTS OF THE QUESTION*Evans conducted a study to determine if the frequency and characteristics of pediatric problems in elderly patients with diabetes present differences with respect to patients of the same age, but without diabetes. The individuals studied, interned in a clinic, were between 70 and 90 years old. Among the researchers' findings are the following statistics. with respect to the scores on the deep tendon reflexes meters:Sample without Diabetes: 79 / 2.1 / 1.1With Diabetes: 74 / 1.6 / 1.2Is it possible to conclude, based on the data, that, on average, diabetic patients they have reduced deep tendon reflexes in comparison with patients without diabetes of the same age?During the spring of 1999, many fuel storage facilities in Serbia were destroyed by bombing. As a result, significant quantities of oil products were spilled and burned,resulting in soil pollution. The article “Mobility of Heavy Metals Originating from Bombing of Industrial Sites” (B. Škrbić, J. Novaković, and N. Miljević, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 2002:7–16) reports measurements of heavy metal concentrations at several industrial sites in June 1999, just after the bombing, and again in March of 2000. At the Smederevo site, on the banks of the Danube River, eight soil specimens taken in 1999 had an average lead concentration (in mg/kg) of 10.7 with a standard deviation of 3.3. Four specimens taken in 2000 had an average lead concentration of 33.8 with a standard deviation of 0.50. Find a 95% confidence interval for the increase in lead concentration between June 1999 and March 2000.
- Data from the Motor Vehicle Department indicate that 80% of all licensed drivers are older than age 25. In a sample of n=50 people who recently received speeding tickets, 33 were older than 25 years and the other 17 were age 25 or younger. Is the age distribution for this sample significantly different from the distribution for the population of licensed drivers? Use alpha=0.5. A. what is the proposed analysis and why you chose this? B. Test assumptions and make a decision with evidence? C. Inferential statics and P values? D. Final decision and Conclusion?The article “Monte Carlo Simulation—Tool for Better Understanding of LRFD” (J. of Structural Engr., 1993:1586–1599) suggests that yield strength (ksi) for A36 grade steel is normally distributed with a mean of 50.2 ksi and a standard deviation of 3.8 ksi. What is the probability that the yield strength is greater than 60? (Use 4 decimal places) Show the area of interest in the density curve.Find kurtosis by using ungroup data given in the picture using quartile deviation, make sure to arrange data before solving question.
- An article in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy (2005, Vol. 13, pp. 273-279) considered arthroscopic meniscal repair with an absorbable screw. Results showed that for tears greater than 25 millimeters, 14 of 18 (78%) repairs were successful, but for shorter tears, 22 of 30 (73%) repairs were successful. A doctor would like to know if there is evidence that the success rate is greater for longer tears. The P-value for the test H0: p1 = p2 versus H1: p1 > p2 is closest to:The article “Monte Carlo Simulation—Tool for Better Understanding of LRFD” (J. of Structural Engr., 1993:1586–1599) suggests that yield strength (ksi) for A36 grade steel is normally distributed with a mean of 50.2 ksi and a standard deviation of 3.8 ksi. What is the probability that the yield strength is at most 45? (Use 4 decimal places). Show the area of interest in the density curve.The article “Withdrawal Strength of Threaded Nails” (D. Rammer, S. Winistorfer, and D. Bender, Journal of Structural Engineering 2001:442–449) describes an experiment comparing the ultimate withdrawal strengths (in N/mm) for several types of nails. For an annularly threaded nail with shank diameter 3.76 mm driven into spruce-pine-fir lumber, the ultimate withdrawal strength was modeled as lognormal with μ = 3.82 and σ = 0.219. For a helically threaded nail under the same conditions, the strength was modeled as lognormal with μ = 3.47 and σ = 0.272. a) What is the mean withdrawal strength for annularly threaded nails? b) What is the mean withdrawal strength for helically threaded nails? c) For which type of nail is it more probable that the withdrawal strength will be greater than 50 N/mm? d) What is the probability that a helically threaded nail will have a greater withdrawal strength than the median for annularly threaded nails? e) An experiment is performed in which withdrawal…
- The table below summarizes a data set we first encountered in Exercise 6.29 that examines the responses of a random sample of college graduates and nongraduates on the topic of oil drilling. Complete a chi-square test for these data to check whether there is a statistically significant difference in responses from college graduates and non-graduates. χ2:? df:? Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence that there is an association between support for off-shore drilling and having a college degree There is strong evidence that the proportion of those supporting off-shore drilling is greater than those having a college degree There is insufficient evidence that the proportion of those supporting off-shore drilling is greater than those having a college degree There is strong evidence that there is an association between support for off-shore drilling and having a college degreeONLY THE LAST ONE Consider the accompanying data on flexural strength (MPa) for concrete beams of a certain type. 5.9 7.2 7.3 6.3 8.1 6.8 7.0 7.5 6.8 6.5 7.0 6.3 7.9 9.0 8.4 8.7 7.8 9.7 7.4 7.7 9.7 8.2 7.7 11.6 11.3 11.8 10.7 The data below give accompanying strength observations for cylinders. 6.5 5.8 7.8 7.1 7.2 9.2 6.6 8.3 7.0 8.3 7.8 8.1 7.4 8.5 8.9 9.8 9.7 14.1 12.6 11.9 Prior to obtaining data, denote the beam strengths by X1, . . . , Xm and the cylinder strengths by Y1, . . . , Yn. Suppose that the Xi's constitute a random sample from a distribution with mean μ1 and standard deviation σ1 and that the Yi's form a random sample (independent of the Xi's) from another distribution with mean μ2 and standard deviation σ2. (a) Use rules of expected value to show that X − Y is an unbiased estimator of μ1 − μ2. E(X − Y) = E(X) − E(Y) = μ1 − μ2 E(X − Y) = E(X) − E(Y) 2 = μ1 − μ2 E(X − Y) = nm E(X) − E(Y) = μ1 − μ2 E(X −…Infants, even newborns, prefer to look at attractive faces compared to less attractive faces (Slater, et al., 1998). In the study, infants from 1 to 6 days old were shown two photographs of women’s faces. Previously, a group of adults had rated one of the faces as significantly more attractive than the other. The babies were positioned in front of a screen on which the photographs were presented. The pair of faces remained on the screen until the baby accumulated a total of 20 seconds of looking at one or the other. The number of seconds looking at the attractive face was recorded for each infant. Suppose that the study used a sample of n = 9 infants and the data produced an average of M = 13 for the attractive face with an estimated standard error sM= 1 (SS = 72). If there were no preference, the 20 seconds should be divided equally between the two photographs. Note that all the available information comes from the sample. Specifically, we do not know the population mean or the…