COOEt СООН COOEt (CH,),COOCH (CH,),COOH Ethyl 2-oxocyclo- pentanecarboxylate Br (CH,),COOH (CH,),COOH O (CH,),COOH Nef (CH2),COOCH3 reaction (CH2),COOCH3 n(CH2),COOCH, CH,NO, H aCH),COOCH3 H. 10 (CH2),COOH H (CH),COOH H (CH,),CH3 (CH2),CH3 (CH,),CH3 H. H HƠ CH3 Doxaprost (an orally active bronchodilator)
Reactions of Ethers
Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.
Epoxides
Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.
Williamson Ether Synthesis
An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.
Doxaprost, an orally active bronchodilator patterned after the natural prostaglandins , is synthesized in the following series of reactions starting with ethyl 2-oxocyclopentanecarboxylate. Except for the Nef reaction in Step 8, we have seen
examples of all other types of reactions involved in this synthesis.
Q. Write equations to show that Step 6 can be brought about using either methanol or diazomethane (CH2N2) as a source of the -CH3 in the methyl ester.
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