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Investigators found that cyclin B concentration rises and falls in synchrony with mitotic events and MPF activity. however, correlation is not causality. how would you show that cyclin B was responsible for these cell cycle events?
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- Maturation promoting factor, MPF, is a cyclin-CDK complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of other proteins to start mitosis. The activity level of MPF is dependent on the relative concentrations of the cyclin and CDK components of MPF (Figure 1). Based on Figure 1, which of the following describes the role of cyclin in the regulation of the cell cycle? a.During S phase, the cyclin level remains the same because DNA replication is occurring. b.During G2 phase, the cyclin level remains low, causing MPF activity to decrease, which leads cells to initiate mitosis. c.During G1 phase, the cyclin level decreases to signal the start of the resting phase of the cell cycle. d.During M phase, the cyclin level peaks, resulting in an increased binding frequency with CDK.What are the most important steps in cell-cycle regulation? Give some explanations and present some factors leading to uncontrolled cell cycle.A hypothetical poison prevents transcription factors from binding to the gene for tubulin proteins. What impact would this have on mitosis, and why?
- This shows the concentrations of cyclings throughout the cell cycle. What is the role of cyclins in the cell cycle? Which of the four cyclins shown would represent the M cyclin? Provide a reason.Leland Hartwell, the third recipient of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, was acknowledged for his characterization of cell cycle checkpoint pathways in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae. What is a cell cycle check-point pathway?BPA is a chemical compound that has historically been used in the manufacture of plastic products. However, cells often mistake BPA molecules for hormones that accelerate the cell cycle. Because of this, BPA is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers.a. How might BPA interact with the cell cycle and its checkpoints?b. Why do you think that very small concentrations of BPA might have a large effect on a cell?
- What experimental evidence indicates that cyclin B is re-quired for a cell to enter mitosis? What evidence indicates that cyclin B must be destroyed for a cell to exit mitosis?"Agent V" is the name of an anticancer (chemotherapy) drug. This drug works against cancer cells by inhibiting the formation of microtubules in sensitive cells. Consider a cell that is sensitive to agent V (in other words, agent V is effective at stopping growth of this cell). Based on this information, agent V would cause the cell to be frozen at which of the major cell cycle checkpoints (G1, G2 or M checkpoint)? ExplainResearchers studying cell cycle regulation in budding yeast have observed that a mutation in the CDC15 gene causes cell cycle arrest in telophase when the yeast cells are incubated at an elevated temperature. Which of the following statements best predicts the effect of the cell cycle arrest on proliferating yeast cells? A. Restate the question and record the right answer. B. Why is this the correct answer?
- Which of the following would lead to increased progression through the G1/S cell cycle check point? CDK is produced at lower than normal levels. E2F is produced at lower than normal levels. Cyclin D and E are produced at lower than normal levels. Retinoblastoma protein was never phosphorylated. Retinoblastoma protein is produced at lower than normal levels.Describe the roles of cyclins and cyclin-dependentkinases in the cell cycle.Explain the significance of the G1, G2, and M checkpoints and thego-ahead signals involved in the cell cycle control system.
