d. In the Balsams, Hairston discovered the removal of an average of 2.8 P. glutinosus within altitudinal overlap zones resulted in an average increase in the density of P. jordani by 1.8 individuals. Based upon these data, how many P. jordani individuals are equivalent to 1 P. glutinosus in the Balsams? e. Write the Lotka-Volterra competition equations for these two salamanders in each mountain range.

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Hairston (1980) studied competition between two salamanders (Plethodon jordani & P. glutinosus) in
the eastern US. These two species exhibit different degrees of altitudinal overlap in different mountain ranges.
Hairston performed a series of removal experiments in 24 m diameter plots in each mountain range. Based upon
the results of many years of study, Hairston estimated the carrying capacities of each species (per plot) in each
mountain range. His data are shown below.
Mountain Range
Species
P. jordani
P. glutinosus
Smokies
45
12
Balsams
47
11
Transcribed Image Text:Hairston (1980) studied competition between two salamanders (Plethodon jordani & P. glutinosus) in the eastern US. These two species exhibit different degrees of altitudinal overlap in different mountain ranges. Hairston performed a series of removal experiments in 24 m diameter plots in each mountain range. Based upon the results of many years of study, Hairston estimated the carrying capacities of each species (per plot) in each mountain range. His data are shown below. Mountain Range Species P. jordani P. glutinosus Smokies 45 12 Balsams 47 11
d. In the Balsams, Hairston discovered the removal of an average of 2.8 P. glutinosus within altitudinal
overlap zones resulted in an average increase in the density of P. jordani by 1.8 individuals. Based upon these
data, how many P. jordani individuals are equivalent to 1 P. glutinosus in the Balsams?
e. Write the Lotka-Volterra competition equations for these two salamanders in each mountain range.
f. Plot a graph of the isoclines for the competitive interaction between these salamanders in each
mountain range. Indicate the direction of population growth for both species in each section of the graphs and
indicate the outcome of competition.
Transcribed Image Text:d. In the Balsams, Hairston discovered the removal of an average of 2.8 P. glutinosus within altitudinal overlap zones resulted in an average increase in the density of P. jordani by 1.8 individuals. Based upon these data, how many P. jordani individuals are equivalent to 1 P. glutinosus in the Balsams? e. Write the Lotka-Volterra competition equations for these two salamanders in each mountain range. f. Plot a graph of the isoclines for the competitive interaction between these salamanders in each mountain range. Indicate the direction of population growth for both species in each section of the graphs and indicate the outcome of competition.
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