Using the lynx–hare interaction, explain in words the equations of the Lotka–Volterra model for the change in the population sizes of prey and predators.
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Using the lynx–hare interaction, explain in words the equations of the Lotka–Volterra model for the change in the
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- In the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey equations, the term a b N prey N predator describes: The rate at which predators eat prey The rate at which new predators are added to the predator population The rate at which the predator population increases over time The intrinsic growth rate of the prey populationDo the above hypothesis support the graph? Explain Foraging in a mixed-species flock scenario, the assumption is that the establishment of mixed-species flocks will enhance feeding productivity.The lotka-volterra equation that describes rate of change in the predator population doesn't include intrisic rate for predators. How does it accomodate for growth in predators if the rate is missing?
- Calculate the rate of population change for a hypothetical population of wildebeest using the logistics equation and carrying capacity equation. How can you explain these results? N = 500, r = 0.1, K = 1000, calculate dN/dt.The predator-prey relationship between five generations of wolves and elk is shown in the graph.The relationship between predator and prey populations has been studied by computer simulation using equations which form part of a mathematical model devised by Lotka and Volterra. The data in Table 6.10 show the results of such a simulation when the prey population begins with 20 individuals and the predator population begins with six individuals. 1.Explain why the peaks in the predator population occur after those in the prey population. 2. This simulation assumes one prey species and one predator species in an imaginary ecosystem and is based on mathematical equations. Why is it likely to be too simplistic to describe accurately what happens in nature?
- For the cricket, the intrinsic growth rate is 100 and the carrying capacity of the environment is 200,000 individuals. For the frog, the capture efficiency is 0.0002, the conversion efficiency is 0.1, the handling time per cricket is 0.2 hours, and the density-independent per capita death rate of the predator is 0.4. 18. At what value of the number of crickets is the predator population of frogs at equilibrium? 19. What is the dN/dt of the prey population when the number of frogs is 60 and the number of crickets is 11,000? Round to the nearest hundredth. 20. What is the dP/dt of the predator population when the number of frogs is 60 and the number of crickets is 11,000? Round to the nearest hundredth.Assume that for a given population of moose, the per-capita birth rate remains constant with population size. However, as the moose population size increases there is a linear increase in the probability of starvation and subsequent mortality due to intraspecific competition. a) On a single graph, draw the relationship between moose density and the per capita birth and death rates for this population. b) Assume that the population does not experience competition from other species, nor predation. Write out the equation that would best be used to describe the change in population growth from one time interval to another.Draw and label graphs (including zero-growth isoclines) showing the predicted behavior of the Lotka-Volterra predator/prey equations if we assume prey growth follows and exponential growth model. Show how the graphs would change of the prey follow a logistic growth model.
- Describe the hare-lynx population cycle, considered a classic example of a prey-predator relationship (Figure ). From your examination of the cycle, formulate a hypothesis to explain the oscillations.Great white sharks prefer marine mammals like seals but can eat a number of other prey items, including birds and fish. According to the table below, what is the critical search time for seals, above which great white sharks should choose to eat an albatross if they encounter one? Prey item: seal (energy = 60 Mcals, handling time = 5 minutes) Prey item: albatross (energy = 10 Mcals, handling time = 2 minutes)The long-term study by Krebs on the population dynamics of snowshoe hares and lynx has become a textbook example of predator-prey relationships. The population cycles he observed are the result of both biotic and abiotic factors affecting prey populations. List 3 factors that can contribute to population cycles and briefly explain their effects