Define horizontal gene transfer, and explain how it affects the relationships in phylogenetic trees.

Q: On a phylogenetic tree, which term refers to lineages that diverged from the same place? a. sister…

A: Phylogenetic tree can be defined as the diagram that represents the evolutionary relationships among…

Q: Define about phylogenetics ?

A: The change in the heritable characteristics of the species across many generations is called…

Q: What is the purpose of using an “outgroup” when reconstructing a phylogenetic tree? (Write 4 points)

A: The outgroup is used as a point of comparison for the ingroup and specifically allows for the…

Q: Draw a simple phylogenetic tree and identify a node, a branch, and an outgroup.

A: Phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic representation of evolutionary relation between various species…

Q: Describe how changes in chromosome structure and number are associated with molecular evolution.

A: Molecular evolution is a process in which alterations in the sequence components of chromosomes…

Q: phylogenetic tree?

A: The study and determination of the evolutionary links, often known as patterns of descent, between…

Q: explain why phylogenetic classifications sometimes change?

A: The organisms can be classified based on the unique and similarity and differences of the…

Q: What is the assumption used when arranging species on a phylogenetic tree?

A: Evolution is a change in the “genetic composition” of a population over multiple generations. It is…

Q: What is meant by the term “common ancestor”? Give an example.

A: Evolution is the change in the genetic makeup of population over time.  Evolution can be categorized…

Q: we use morphological traits to determine branching patterns on phylogenetic trees?

A: Solution : Morphological phylogenetics: inference of evolutionary trees using anatomical traits.…

Q: In the evolution of a new variant, explain the roles of genomic cytoplasmic gene factors, ecological…

A: In biology, the term evolution can be described as the change occurring in a biological population…

Q: Explain how the biological species concept can be used to deine a species.

A: Evolution is a phenomenon which give rise to new species. It is a gradual process that occurs due to…

Q: When constructing a phylogenetic tree, what problem would horizontal gene transfer pose?

A: Phylogenetic tree:It is also known as dendrogram. It is a diagram that shows the evolutionary…

Q: Use the following figure to answer the question below. А в с DE F G Which phylogenetic tree is the…

A: Phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic representation which determines the evolutionary history of am…

Q: Compare phylogenetic trees created using DNA data with phylogenetic trees created using chromosomal…

A: Introduction :- Phylogenetic tree are the diagrammatic representation which tells about the…

Q: Describe how analyses of molecular homologies contribute to the science of systematics

A: Molecular Systematics uses the molecular structure of the species to predict their phylogeny.

Q: Define the biological species concept.

A: Answer: Introduction: A biological species is a group of organisms which is able to reproduce with…

Q: Based on the past activities about constructing of phylogenetic trees, how do you distinguish…

A: When the evolution of different organisms or species from a common ancestor is depicted through a…

Q: Define the term unikont and explain the current taxonomic interpretation of where unikonts arose on…

A: Phylogeny is the branch of biology that studies phylogenetic analysis. A phylogenetic analysis is…

Q: Describe the two methods that are used to identify similarity between species when creating…

A: A phylogenetic tree, otherwise called a phylogeny, is a diagram that portrays the lines of…

Q: How does phylogenetic tree relate to the passing of time?

A: The evolutionary history that indicates relationship among the biological species in a group is…

Q: Discuss how the principle of parsimony can be used in a cladistics approach to constructing a…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that is used in the study of the phylogeny. It is made of many…

Q: describe the limitations of the biological species concept, and explain how it differs from the…

A: Species concepts are used by taxonomists and evolutionary biologists to define a species as they…

Q: Identify the outgroup from the phylogenetic trees and box/mark the whole lineage in red. Identify…

A: Introduction  Phylogenetic tree is a method of representation of evolutionary relationship between…

Q: From the phylogenetic tree shown below, which species is most closely related to C? A G B 1 CDE F

A: Phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic representation of evolution of different species from a common…

Q: Explain lineages, clades and mechanisms of gene flow between them .

A: Clades is a taxonomic group of organisms classified together on the basis of homologous features…

Q: Specify some molecular biology techniques that are being used in taxonomy and phylogeny. Also,…

A: Molecular Biology is the branch of Biological Sciences that deals with studying the molecular basis…

Q: Describe how phylogenetic information can be applied to problems in other disciplines.

A: Introduction Phylogeny can be defined as the evolutionary history of an organism. It can be depicted…

Q: Using the information from the DNA-DNA hybridization data table below, build a phylogenetic tree…

A: The lines in Phylogenetic tree describe the evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or…

Q: Define phylogenetic classification system?

A: Classifications are orderly ways to present information and depending upon their objectives, they…

Q: What is a phylogenetic tree?

A: Evolution is a natural process that includes several changes over many generations in the…

Q: 1. a) What is a phylogenetic tree? b) What do the lines and branches in a phylogenetic tree…

A: a) A Phylogenetic tree is a visual representation of relationship between different organisms,…

Q: What does a phylogenetic tree depict?

A: Evolution is the progression of life forms that shares the heritable characteristics and lives a…

Q: Describe how genomics and proteomics can help determining evolutionary relationship between species

A: Genomics involves the studies related to the complete set of genetic information in the DNA while…

Q: e following?

A: The another name for Phylogeny is  phylogenetic tree. It is a diagram  or a chart that represent the…

Q: How the phylogenetic tree is constructed ?

A: Introduction  Evolution can be defined as the change in the characters of a species in the…

Q: Outline the general considerations used in building a phylogenetic tree

A: Phylogeny is the study of evolutionary relationships between different groups of organisms by…

Q: Describe the process we use to infer the phylogenetic relationships of a set of living organisms.

A: It is a universally accepted theory that all the living organisms belonging to various phylums are…

Q: Explain the difference between maximum Parsimony and maximum likelihood, when used in computing…

A: A phylogenetic tree is one which demonstrates evolutionary relationships with a branching diagram of…

Q: How is molecular data being utilized in phylogenetic reconstruction?

A: A phylogeny is a tree that shows how a community of organisms evolved. The key goal of phylogeny…

Q: Draw a concept map illustrating the differences between phenetic, phylogenetic, and genotypic…

A: Taxonomy is the classification, naming and defining of biological organisms into discrete groups…

Q: What are the three mainsteps for a good study of agenetic family tree?

A: Genetic conditions are transferred from parent to offspring. Sometimes, they get expressed in the…

Q: Differentiate hybrid,

A: Plants are essentially multicellular living beings, dominatingly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the…

Q: Why are the phylogenetic trees generated using MEGA and PhyML different?

A: A phylogenetic tree has organisms in a pattern of branching that reflects how species or other…

Q: Some organisms that appear very closely related on a phylogenetic tree may not actually be closely…

A: A phylogenetic tree can be defined as the evolutionary tree which consists of branching. It is a…

Q: With two specific examples, explain why phylogenetics is a useful scientific tool for studying…

A: The study of the evolutionary relationship between individual organisms or group of organisms is…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.