Define the following terms: a. depolarization b. repolarization c. passive transport d. active transport e. voltage-gated channel
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Define the following terms:
a. depolarization
b. repolarization
c. passive transport
d. active transport
e. voltage-gated channel
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Solved in 3 steps
- Draw a sketch of a graph showing a complex AHP consisting of a first component AHP, an ADP, and a second component AHP before repolarization to resting membrane potentialThe inside negative membrane potential is a force that helps support... a.) the movement of (neutral) nonelectrolytes into the cell b.) the movement of cations into the cell c.) the movement of (neutral) nonelectrolytes out of the cell d.) the movement of anions into the cellA. the fact that one represents a depolarization and the other represents a hyperpolarization. B. the capacitive properties of the membrane. C. the difference in applied voltage.
- The following graph represents a membrane potential recording in the dark, then during a brief flash of flight at the time indicated by the arrow. This could be a recording from a: a) rod cell b) bipolar cell c) ganglion cell d) any of the aboveWhich of the following statements is false regarding the directions that forces of the eletrochemical gradient are pointing for each ion. Assume the membrane of the neuron is at rest. A. For chloride ions the electrostatic and diffusion forces are pointing in opposite directions. B For sodium ions the eletrostatic and diffusion forces are pointing in the same direction. C. For potassium ions the eletrostatic and diffusion forces are pointing in opposite directions. D. All options choices are TRUE regarding the forces of the electrochemical gradient on each ion. E. For calcium ions the electrostatic and diffusion forces are pointing in opposite directions.Describe two things that contribute to the resting membrane potential
- Which of the following is ther eason why the potassium leaves the cell readily at the peak of the action potential?A) The sodium-potassium pumps work hard to return potassium to the extracellular fluid. B) Diffusion will continue to push potassium into the cell, but electrostatic pressure will move potassium out of the cell. C) Diffusion will push potassium out of the cell, but electrostatic pressure continues to attract potassium to the interior of the cell. D) Both diffusion and electrostatic pressure will cause potassium to exit the cell.The primary difference between an EPSP and an IPSP is the a) overall speed b) degree of effect c) direction of membrane polarization d) ease of elicitationWhat properties of ion channels allow them to generate the large, rapid changes in membrane potential?
- The membrane potential across a cell membrane can be thought of as a "blend" or weighted average of a. the concentrations of Na+ and K+ ions in the extracellular fluid b. the concetrations of Na+ and K+ ions in the cytoplasm c. the concentrations of all permeable ions in the cytoplasm d. the membrane potenial before and after the action potential e. None of the above answer choices correctly completes the sentenceIf the equilibrium potential for K* is -90mV, and the charge inside the cell is -70mV, which direction will K move across the membrane assuming there is permeability (membrane leak channels) which allow it to pass?Jose measures membrane potential in two neighboring cells. He notices that when the membrane potential changes in one cell, the membrane potential of the neighboring cell changes in a similar manner. For example, if one cell hyperpolarizes, the neighboring cell also hyperpolarizes. He concludes the cells are electrically coupled. Which of the following is the most likely to cause the electrical coupling? a.) The electrical coupling is most probably due to integrins that connect the two cells. b.) The electrical coupling is most probably due to tight junctions that connect the two cells. c.) The electrical coupling is most probably due to desmosomes that connect the two cells. d.) The electrical coupling is most probably due to gap junctions that connect the two cells.